Pembahasan Soal Pengukuran | Jangka Sorong dan Mikrometer Sekrup (Fisika Kelas 10)

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide on how to read measurements using a caliper and a screw micrometer. These tools are essential in physics, particularly in Class 10, for accurately measuring small dimensions. Understanding their usage can enhance your skills in precise measurements in various scientific applications.

Step 1: Understanding the Caliper

What is a Caliper?

A caliper is a measuring instrument used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an object. It can be used to measure internal and external dimensions as well as depths.

How to Read a Caliper

1. Identify the Components:

   • Main scale: The fixed part of the caliper.
   • Sliding scale: The movable part that slides along the main scale.
   • Depth gauge: A small rod that extends from the caliper used for depth measurement.

2. Take a Measurement:

   • Open the caliper by sliding the movable jaw.
   • Place the object between the jaws and close them gently until they touch the object.
   • Read the measurement:
     • Look at the main scale to find the nearest whole number.
     • Check the sliding scale for the fractional part.
     • Add the two values for the total measurement.

3. Common Pitfalls:

   • Ensure the caliper is perpendicular to the object for accurate readings.
   • Avoid parallax error by aligning your eye directly over the measurement mark.

Step 2: Understanding the Screw Micrometer

What is a Screw Micrometer?

A screw micrometer is an instrument used to measure small lengths with high precision, typically to the nearest hundredth of a millimeter.

How to Read a Screw Micrometer

1. Identify the Components:

   • Frame: The body of the micrometer.
   • Anvil: The fixed jaw that holds one side of the object.
   • Spindle: The movable jaw that measures against the anvil.
   • Thimble: The rotating part that allows you to adjust the spindle.

2. Take a Measurement:

   • Place the object between the anvil and the spindle.
   • Rotate the thimble to bring the spindle close to the object without compressing it too tightly.
   • Read the measurement:
     • Check the main scale for the whole millimeter value.
     • Check the thimble scale for the fractional millimeter value.
     • Combine these values for the total measurement.

3. Practical Tips:

   • Always ensure the micrometer is calibrated before use.
   • Use the ratchet mechanism to avoid applying excessive force on the object.

Conclusion

By mastering the use of a caliper and a screw micrometer, you can achieve precise measurements that are crucial in scientific experiments and practical applications. Practice regularly with these tools to improve your measurement skills. Next, consider exploring advanced measurement techniques or applications in real-world scenarios, such as engineering or materials testing.