Pengantar Filsafat Ilmu

Introduction

This tutorial provides an overview of the fundamental concepts of Filsafat Ilmu, or Philosophy of Science. It explores the nature of scientific knowledge and examines its ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. Understanding these concepts is crucial for anyone interested in the philosophy of science and its implications for research and knowledge.

Step 1: Understand Ontological Dimensions

• Definition: Ontology pertains to the nature of being and existence.
• Key Considerations:
  • What is the nature of reality in scientific inquiry?
  • How do different scientific fields define their subject matter?
• Practical Tip: Reflect on how various scientific paradigms (e.g., physical sciences vs. social sciences) differ in their ontological assumptions.

Step 2: Explore Epistemological Dimensions

• Definition: Epistemology deals with the nature and scope of knowledge.
• Key Questions:
  • How do we come to know what we know?
  • What methods are used to acquire knowledge in different scientific disciplines?
• Practical Advice:
  • Familiarize yourself with various epistemological approaches, such as empiricism, rationalism, and constructivism.
  • Consider how these approaches influence research methods and outcomes.

Step 3: Examine Axiological Dimensions

• Definition: Axiology is the study of values and ethics.
• Important Aspects:
  • What ethical considerations arise in scientific research?
  • How do values shape scientific inquiry and its applications?
• Practical Tip: Engage in discussions about the ethical implications of scientific advancements, such as in medicine, technology, and environmental science.

Step 4: Analyze the Interconnections

• Integrative Approach:
  • Reflect on how ontology, epistemology, and axiology interact within the context of scientific knowledge.
  • Consider specific case studies where these dimensions are evident, such as climate science or biomedical ethics.
• Practical Application: Apply this understanding to evaluate current scientific debates or controversies.

Conclusion

Understanding the Philosophy of Science involves a thorough exploration of its ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. By examining these areas, you can gain deeper insights into the nature of scientific inquiry and its broader implications. To further your knowledge, consider engaging with related literature, participating in discussions, or pursuing formal studies in philosophy or science.