สาธิตการเริ่มต้นอาร์ก โดยครูธีระพงศ์ คชเสน วิทยาลัยสารพัดช่างพัทลุง

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will explore the basics of arc welding as demonstrated by Teacher Teerapong Kotsanan from the Pattalung Vocational College. This guide is designed for beginners and aims to provide a step-by-step approach to starting your journey in arc welding. Understanding the foundational techniques and safety measures is essential for anyone interested in this skill.

Step 1: Understanding Equipment and Safety Gear

Before you begin welding, familiarize yourself with the necessary equipment and safety gear.

• Equipment Needed:

  • Welding machine (arc welder)
  • Electrodes
  • Welding helmet
  • Gloves
  • Protective clothing (long sleeves, aprons)

• Safety Tips:

  • Always wear a welding helmet to protect your eyes from the bright arc and sparks.
  • Use gloves and protective clothing to prevent burns and skin injuries.
  • Ensure your workspace is well-ventilated to avoid inhaling fumes.

Step 2: Preparing Your Workspace

A proper workspace is crucial for effective welding.

• Workspace Setup:

  • Choose a flat, stable surface to work on.
  • Keep flammable materials away from your welding area.
  • Ensure proper lighting to see your work clearly.

• Equipment Check:

  • Inspect the welding machine for any damages.
  • Ensure the electrodes are suitable for the material you will be welding.

Step 3: Setting Up the Welding Machine

Proper setup of your arc welder is essential for effective welding.

• Connecting the Machine:

  • Plug in the welding machine to a suitable power source.
  • Connect the ground clamp securely to the workpiece.

• Adjusting Settings:

  • Set the amperage according to the thickness of the metal you are welding.
  • Refer to the electrode specifications for recommended settings.

Step 4: Welding Technique

Learning the correct welding technique is critical for quality welds.

• Electrode Positioning:

  • Hold the electrode at a 15 to 30-degree angle.
  • Maintain a distance of about 1/8 inch from the workpiece.

• Welding Motion:

  • Start the arc by briefly touching the electrode to the metal and then lifting it to the correct distance.
  • Move the electrode steadily along the joint, maintaining a consistent speed.

• Common Pitfalls:

  • Avoid moving too quickly, which can create weak welds.
  • Do not hold the electrode too far from the workpiece, as it can lead to an unstable arc.

Step 5: Finishing the Weld

After completing the weld, it's important to finish and inspect your work.

• Cooling Down:

  • Allow the weld to cool naturally; do not quench with water as it can cause cracks.

• Cleaning the Weld:

  • Use a wire brush or grinder to clean off slag and impurities from the weld.

• Inspecting the Weld:

  • Check for any gaps or inconsistencies in the weld.
  • Make adjustments or reweld if necessary.

Conclusion

You have now learned the essential steps to get started with arc welding, from preparation and safety to actual welding techniques and finishing touches. Practice these steps in a safe environment to build your skills. As you gain confidence, you can explore more advanced techniques and projects. Happy welding!