SAP2000 : Analisis Beban Gempa Jembatan berdasar SNI 2833:2016 & Peta Gempa 2017 -Hinawan T. Santoso

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to perform earthquake load analysis for bridges using SAP2000, based on SNI 2833:2016 and the 2017 earthquake map. It serves as a valuable resource for civil engineering students and professionals looking to enhance their skills in structural analysis and design.

Step 1: Understanding the Basic Parameters

Before starting the analysis, it's crucial to familiarize yourself with the key parameters involved in earthquake load calculations.

• Gravitational Acceleration (G): 9.81 m/s².
• Importance Level (I): This indicates the operational importance of the structure.
• Response Modification Factor (R): This factor is specifically defined for the bridge's substructure in SNI 2833:2016.

Practical Tip

Ensure you have the correct values for G, I, and R based on your specific project requirements.

Step 2: Setting Up SAP2000

Start by launching the SAP2000 software and create a new project.

• Select "New Model" from the file menu.
• Choose the appropriate template that fits your bridge type (e.g., composite bridge).
• Set the units of measurement (metric or imperial) based on your design standards.

Common Pitfall

Avoid selecting an incorrect template as it can lead to complications later in the modeling process.

Step 3: Modeling the Bridge Structure

Begin the modeling process for your composite bridge.

Steps to Model:

1. Create 2D or 3D Model:

   • Use the drawing tools to define the bridge geometry.
   • Ensure the dimensions are accurate according to design specifications.

2. Define Materials:

   • Go to the “Define” menu and select “Materials”.
   • Input material properties such as Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio.

3. Assign Sections:

   • For beams, columns, and slabs, define the cross-sectional properties through the “Define” option.

Practical Tip

Utilize the “Copy” function for repetitive elements to maintain consistency and save time.

Step 4: Inputting Loads

You'll need to input both dead loads and live loads, followed by the earthquake loads.

Steps to Input Loads:

1. Define Load Cases:

   • Navigate to “Define” > “Load Patterns”.
   • Create load cases for dead, live, and earthquake loads.

2. Assign Loads to Elements:

   • Use the “Assign” menu to apply loads to the respective structural elements.

Common Pitfall

Ensure all load cases are properly defined and assigned to avoid inaccuracies in your analysis.

Step 5: Performing Earthquake Load Analysis

Once your model is set up with all loads, it's time to perform the earthquake load analysis.

Steps to Run the Analysis:

1. Select Analysis Type:

   • Go to “Analyze” > “Run Analysis”.
   • Choose the appropriate analysis method (e.g., Response Spectrum Analysis).

2. Input Earthquake Data:

   • Use the 2017 earthquake map data to define the seismic parameters.
   • Check that the parameters align with SNI 2833:2016 requirements.

Practical Tip

Double-check the response spectrum to ensure it matches the expected seismic conditions for your region.

Step 6: Reviewing Results

After running the analysis, review the results generated by SAP2000.

• Check Displacements and Forces:

  • Look for maximum displacement values and internal forces in the elements.

• Evaluate Structural Performance:

  • Assess whether the results meet the design criteria as outlined in the relevant codes.

Common Pitfall

Be cautious about interpreting results; ensure you understand the implications of the data presented.

Conclusion

This tutorial has guided you through the essential steps of conducting earthquake load analysis for bridges using SAP2000. By understanding the fundamental parameters, effectively modeling your structure, and accurately inputting loads, you can achieve reliable analysis results.

Next steps may include exploring advanced modeling techniques, conducting sensitivity analyses, or delving into more complex bridge designs. Remember to keep practicing with SAP2000 to refine your skills!