BAB 4: (Part 2) Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu | BRITISH | SEJARAH TINGKATAN 3 |

Introduction

This tutorial focuses on the administrative structure of the Malay States during the British colonial period, specifically covering the topics discussed in the video "BAB 4: (Part 2) Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu." Understanding this historical context is crucial for students preparing for their Sejarah PT3 exams, as it provides insights into governance, colonial impact, and regional dynamics in Malaysia.

Step 1: Understanding the Non-Aligned Malay States

• Recognize the distinction between the Non-Aligned Malay States and the Federated Malay States.
• Identify the key Non-Aligned States:
  • Johor
  • Kedah
  • Perlis
  • Kelantan
  • Terengganu
  • Negeri Sembilan
• Note that these states maintained a degree of autonomy under British influence.

Step 2: The Role of British Residents

• Understand the role of British Residents in the Non-Aligned States:
  • They served as advisors to the Sultan.
  • They had significant influence over state matters without direct control.
• Learn how this system allowed the British to exert power while maintaining a façade of local governance.

Step 3: Administrative Structure

• Familiarize yourself with the administrative hierarchy:
  • Sultan: The head of state with traditional authority.
  • Council: Composed of local leaders and the British Resident, responsible for policy advice.
  • District Officers: Managed local governance and implementation of policies.
• Recognize the importance of this structure in facilitating British interests while preserving local customs.

Step 4: Economic Policies and Impact

• Study the economic policies implemented by the British:
  • Introduction of cash crops like rubber and tin mining.
  • Development of infrastructure such as roads and railways to support trade.
• Discuss the economic benefits and drawbacks for the local population, including:
  • Increased revenue for the state.
  • Displacement of local communities and labor issues.

Step 5: Resistance and Reforms

• Explore the responses of local leaders to British administration:
  • Some accepted British influence for modernization.
  • Others resisted, leading to uprisings and calls for independence.
• Review the reforms made in response to resistance, such as:
  • Educational improvements.
  • Legal changes to address grievances of the local populace.

Conclusion

In summary, the tutorial highlights the administrative framework of the Non-Aligned Malay States under British colonial rule. Key takeaways include the roles of British Residents, the hierarchical structure of governance, and the economic policies that shaped the region. For further study, consider exploring the impact of these policies on modern Malaysian society and the eventual movements toward independence. Prepare for your exams by reviewing your textbook and correlating these lessons with broader historical themes.