Tuto: Comment savoir si un compresseur de frigo est HS?

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the process of determining whether a refrigerator compressor is faulty or functioning properly. Understanding how to test your compressor can save you time and money when troubleshooting refrigerator issues.

Step 1: Gather Necessary Tools

Before you begin testing, ensure you have the following tools:

• Multimeter: This tool is essential for measuring electrical current and resistance. You can find one here.
• Screwdriver: This will help you access the compressor.
• Safety Gloves: Always prioritize safety while working with electrical components.

Step 2: Safety First

Before starting any work on your refrigerator:

• Unplug the refrigerator from the power source to avoid electrical shock.
• Allow the compressor to cool down if it has been running.

Step 3: Access the Compressor

To test the compressor, you need to access it:

1. Remove the back panel of the refrigerator using the screwdriver.
2. Locate the compressor, which is typically found at the back of the unit.

Step 4: Check the Compressor Windings

Using the multimeter, you will check the windings of the compressor:

1. Set the multimeter to the resistance (ohm) setting.

2. Disconnect the wires from the compressor terminals.

3. Place the multimeter probes on the terminals:

   • Check between the common terminal and the start terminal.
   • Check between the common terminal and the run terminal.
   • Check between the start terminal and the run terminal.

   Record the resistance readings:

   • A normal reading should be between a few ohms to several hundred ohms. If the reading is infinite (open circuit), the compressor is likely faulty.

Step 5: Inspect the Relay

The relay is a small device attached to the compressor that helps start it. Follow these steps to test it:

1. Remove the relay from the compressor.
2. Use the multimeter to test the relay's contacts:
   • A functioning relay should have continuity between the terminals when activated.
   • If there is no continuity, the relay may need to be replaced.

Step 6: Perform a Start Test

If the compressor and relay check out, perform a start test:

1. Reconnect the relay and wires.
2. Plug the refrigerator back in.
3. Listen for a humming sound from the compressor. If it turns on and runs smoothly, it is functioning. If it clicks or does not start, it may be defective.

Step 7: Check for Overheating

If the compressor runs but shuts off frequently:

• Feel the compressor. If it is excessively hot, it may be overheating.
• Ensure that the condenser coils are clean and free of dust, as blockages can lead to overheating.

Conclusion

In this guide, you learned how to test a refrigerator compressor using a multimeter and inspect the relay for faults. If your compressor fails any of these tests, it may need replacement. Always ensure safety by disconnecting power before working on electrical components. For further assistance, consider consulting a professional technician.