Questão 456 - Português para Concursos - Análise Morfológica - IVIN

Introduction

This tutorial aims to guide you through the morphological analysis of the Portuguese language, specifically tailored for competitive exams. Understanding morphological analysis is essential for mastering the structure of words, which can significantly enhance your performance in language-related assessments.

Step 1: Understanding Morphology

• Definition: Morphology is the study of the structure and form of words in a language, including the identification of root words, prefixes, suffixes, and inflections.
• Importance: Recognizing different morphological elements helps in understanding word formation and meaning, which is crucial for both language comprehension and exam success.

Step 2: Identifying Word Classes

• Nouns: Words that represent people, places, things, or ideas.
  • Examples: livro (book), cidade (city).
• Verbs: Words that express actions, occurrences, or states of being.
  • Examples: correr (to run), ser (to be).
• Adjectives: Words that describe nouns.
  • Examples: bonito (beautiful), rápido (fast).
• Adverbs: Words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
  • Examples: rapidamente (quickly), muito (very).

Step 3: Analyzing Word Structure

• Roots: The base part of a word that carries its primary meaning.
• Affixes: Additional elements attached to the root.
  • Prefixes: Added to the beginning of a word.
    • Example: des- in desorganizar (to disorganize).
  • Suffixes: Added to the end of a word.
    • Example: -ção in organização (organization).
• Inflections: Changes made to a word to express different grammatical categories.
  • Example: verb conjugations (canto, cantas, canta).

Step 4: Practicing Morphological Analysis

• Identify the Root: Take a sample word and determine its root.
  • Example: "reconstruir" has the root "construir."
• Break Down Affixes: Analyze the prefixes and suffixes.
  • For "reconstruir":
    • Prefix: re- (again)
    • Suffix: none
• Practice with Exercises: Use exercises from textbooks or online resources that focus on morphological analysis.

Step 5: Applying Knowledge in Context

• Use in Sentences: Practice forming sentences using different morphological structures.
  • Example: "A cidade bonita foi construída rapidamente." (The beautiful city was built quickly.)
• Exam Preparation: Familiarize yourself with common morphological questions in exam formats.

Conclusion

Understanding morphological analysis is vital for mastering Portuguese, particularly for competitive exams. Focus on identifying word classes, analyzing word structures, and practicing through exercises to reinforce your knowledge. As you prepare, remember to apply your skills in context to better retain information and excel in your studies.