Como Escrever um Relatório de Segurança/PenTest

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide on how to write a security report, particularly following a penetration test (PenTest). Understanding how to document findings and recommendations is crucial for communicating security issues effectively to stakeholders. This guide will help you create a structured and informative report.

Step 1: Gather Information

Before you start writing your report, collect all relevant data from the PenTest. This includes:

• Test Objectives: Define the goals of the PenTest.
• Scope of Testing: Specify what systems, networks, or applications were tested.
• Testing Methodology: Outline the methods and tools used during the testing phase.

Practical Tips

• Keep detailed notes during the test for accuracy.
• Use screenshots or logs to support your findings.

Step 2: Structure Your Report

Organize your report into clear sections to enhance readability. A typical structure includes:

1. Executive Summary: A brief overview of the findings and recommendations.
2. Introduction: Context about the PenTest, including objectives and scope.
3. Findings: Detailed section for vulnerabilities discovered during testing.
4. Remediation Recommendations: Suggested actions for addressing identified vulnerabilities.
5. Conclusion: Summarize key points and emphasize the importance of remediation.

Step 3: Document Findings

In the findings section, detail each vulnerability discovered. Include the following for each entry:

• Vulnerability Description: What the vulnerability is and its potential impact.
• Risk Level: Classify the vulnerability (e.g., high, medium, low).
• Evidence: Provide supporting information such as screenshots or logs.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Avoid technical jargon that may confuse non-technical stakeholders.
• Ensure that the evidence is clear and directly related to the findings.

Step 4: Provide Remediation Strategies

For each vulnerability identified, suggest specific remediation strategies. This can include:

• Patching Software: Update to the latest versions to fix known vulnerabilities.
• Configuration Changes: Recommend changes to system settings to enhance security.
• Employee Training: Suggest training sessions for staff on security best practices.

Real-World Applications

• Include examples from previous cases where similar vulnerabilities were remediated successfully.

Step 5: Review and Edit

Once you have drafted your report, review it for clarity and completeness. Consider the following:

• Ensure all sections are present and logically ordered.
• Check for grammatical errors and typos.
• Validate that all technical details are correct and up-to-date.

Conclusion

Writing a security report following a PenTest is a critical skill for security professionals. By gathering relevant information, structuring your report clearly, documenting findings accurately, and providing actionable remediation strategies, you can effectively communicate security issues. Regularly reviewing and refining your reports will enhance your documentation skills over time. For further learning, consider exploring courses on security information and PenTesting tools.