Perumusan Masalah dan Tujuan Penelitian Bagian 1

Introduction

This tutorial aims to guide you through the essential concepts of formulating research problems and objectives in the context of research methodology. Understanding these elements is crucial for effective research planning and execution. By the end of this guide, you will have a clearer approach to defining your research focus.

Step 1: Understand the Importance of Problem Formulation

• Recognize that formulating a research problem is the first and most vital step in any research process.
• A well-defined problem will guide your research questions, objectives, and methodology.
• Consider the following factors when formulating your problem:
  • Relevance: Ensure the problem is significant in your field of study.
  • Feasibility: Assess whether the problem can be realistically researched within your constraints.

Step 2: Identify the Research Gap

• Conduct a literature review to discover existing research on your topic.
• Look for areas that lack sufficient investigation, which can help you identify your research gap.
• Take note of:
  • Contradictions in existing research
  • Under-researched populations or phenomena
  • Emerging trends that need further exploration

Step 3: Define Your Research Question

• Transform your identified problem into a specific research question. This should be clear and focused.
• Use the following format as a guide:
  • What is the relationship between [Variable A] and [Variable B]?
  • How does [Variable A] affect [Variable B]?
• Ensure your question is:
  • Specific: Clearly outline what you are investigating.
  • Measurable: Define how you will assess or measure the outcomes.

Step 4: Formulate Research Objectives

• Research objectives should stem from your research question and outline what you aim to achieve.
• Break down your objectives into specific, actionable components:
  • General Objective: A broad statement reflecting the overall aim of your research.
  • Specific Objectives: Detailed statements that outline the steps needed to achieve the general objective.
• Example:
  • General Objective: To analyze the impact of social media on youth engagement.
  • Specific Objectives:
    • To assess the frequency of social media use among youth.
    • To evaluate the effects of social media on youth participation in community activities.

Step 5: Validate Your Formulation

• Share your problem statement and objectives with peers or mentors for feedback.
• Consider revising your formulation based on constructive criticism to ensure clarity and relevance.
• Ensure that your problem and objectives align with the overarching goals of your research.

Conclusion

In this guide, we covered the critical steps for formulating a research problem and objectives, including understanding their importance, identifying research gaps, defining research questions, and formulating clear objectives. Take these steps into account as you plan your research. Next, you may want to explore further methodologies and techniques for data collection and analysis to support your study.