Sosiologi Kelas 11 - Masalah Sosial

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of social problems as discussed in the video "Sosiologi Kelas 11 - Masalah Sosial" by Hefri Asra Omika. It outlines the definitions, causes, and characteristics of social problems, making it relevant for students and anyone interested in sociology.

Step 1: Understand the Definition of Social Problems

• Social problems are issues that conflict with social values and morals.
• According to Robert A. Nisbet, they involve immoral behaviors that violate laws and disrupt societal harmony.
• Martin S. Weinberg defines them as situations recognized by a majority of society that require action for change.
• Gillin and Gillin state that social problems arise from cultural discrepancies that threaten social cohesion.

Step 2: Identify the Causes of Social Problems

• Economic Factors

  • Poverty and unemployment are primary contributors to social issues.
  • Lack of adequate resources to meet basic needs can lead to widespread social unrest.

• Cultural Factors

  • Discrepancies in the application of societal norms, values, and interests can create conflicts.
  • Examples include juvenile delinquency, ethnic conflicts, gender discrimination, and early marriage.

• Biological Factors

  • Environmental inconsistencies can destabilize community biology.
  • Issues like epidemics, such as HIV-AIDS and COVID-19, highlight biological causes of social problems.

• Psychological Factors

  • Individual or collective mindsets can lead to social issues.
  • Examples include cults, deviant sexual behaviors, and other beliefs diverging significantly from societal values.

Step 3: Recognize the Components of Social Problems

According to Vincent Parillo, social problems consist of four key components:

1. The issue persists over a certain period.
2. Short-lived conditions that don't return cannot be considered social problems.
3. Social problems may cause physical or non-physical harm to individuals or communities.
4. They often involve violations of societal values, creating a need for solutions.

Step 4: Evaluate Sociological Criteria for Social Problems

• Main Criteria: A noticeable gap exists between societal values and real-life conditions.
• Sources of Social Problems: They can stem from social or non-social phenomena, with significant impacts being the priority.
• Community Perception: The community's attitude determines what constitutes a social problem.

Types of Social Problems

• Manifest Social Problems: Clearly visible issues resulting from societal discrepancies.
• Latent Social Problems: Issues that contradict societal values but are not openly acknowledged.

Step 5: Explore Related Social Issues

• Poverty: Watch additional resources for deeper insights on poverty here.
• Criminality: Understand how crime relates to social problems here.
• Family Disorganization: Learn about the impact of family structures on society here.
• Juvenile Delinquency: Explore youth-related social issues here.

Conclusion

This guide outlined the fundamental concepts of social problems, including definitions, causes, and criteria for evaluation. Understanding these elements is crucial for addressing social issues effectively. For further learning, consider exploring the linked resources on specific social problems for a more in-depth analysis.