GERAK VERTIKAL ( Gerak Jatuh Bebas, Gerak Vertikal Ke atas dan ke bawah)

Introduction

This tutorial covers the concepts of vertical motion, including free fall, upward vertical motion, and downward vertical motion. These principles are fundamental in physics and help us understand how objects move under the influence of gravity. Whether you're a student or simply curious about motion, this guide will provide you with a clear understanding of these topics.

Step 1: Understanding Free Fall

Free fall refers to the motion of an object under the influence of gravity alone, with no other forces acting on it.

• Key Characteristics:

  • Acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s².
  • The object will increase its velocity as it falls.
  • Initial velocity can be zero if dropped from rest.

• Practical Tips:

  • Conduct experiments by dropping different objects and timing their fall to observe the effects of gravity.
  • Use a stopwatch to measure the time it takes for each object to reach the ground.

Step 2: Analyzing Vertical Motion Upwards

Vertical motion upwards occurs when an object is thrown or propelled upwards against the force of gravity.

• Key Characteristics:

  • The object slows down as it rises until it reaches its peak height, where the velocity becomes zero.
  • After reaching the peak, the object starts to fall back down.

• Formulas to Remember:

  • Final velocity (v) = Initial velocity (u) - g*t
  • Maximum height (h) can be calculated using the formula: [ h = \frac{u^2}{2g} ]
  • Where (g) is the acceleration due to gravity.

• Practical Tips:

  • Experiment by throwing objects straight up and measuring the time to reach the highest point.
  • Observe how different angles and initial speeds affect the height reached.

Step 3: Analyzing Vertical Motion Downwards

Vertical motion downwards occurs when an object falls back down after being thrown upwards or dropped from a height.

• Key Characteristics:

  • The object accelerates downwards due to gravity.
  • The motion can be analyzed by considering the initial velocity (which may be zero or a positive value).

• Formulas to Remember:

  • For an object in free fall: [ d = ut + \frac{1}{2}gt^2 ]
  • Where (d) is the distance fallen, (u) is the initial velocity, (t) is the time, and (g) is the acceleration due to gravity.

• Practical Tips:

  • Measure the distance fallen for different objects and calculate the time taken to reach the ground.
  • Use a graph to plot the distance versus time to visualize the acceleration.

Conclusion

Understanding vertical motion, including free fall and both upward and downward movements, is crucial in physics. By experimenting with these concepts, you can grasp how gravity influences motion. Next steps could involve exploring more complex scenarios, such as projectile motion or the effects of air resistance.