Lahirnya Nusantara (2/2): Relief Rahasia Raja Kertanegara di Candi Jawi

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the historical significance of King Kertanegara and the Candi Jawi, as discussed in the video "Lahirnya Nusantara (2/2): Relief Rahasia Raja Kertanegara di Candi Jawi." It delves into Kertanegara's achievements, the blending of Hindu and Buddhist traditions, and the cultural legacy of the Majapahit era. By understanding these elements, readers can appreciate the rich history of Indonesia and its architectural heritage.

Step 1: Understand the Historical Context of King Kertanegara

• King Kertanegara was the last ruler of the Singhasari Kingdom, known for his ambition to unify the Nusantara region.
• His reign marked a golden age for Singhasari, where he sought to integrate various territories under his rule.
• Kertanegara was the father-in-law of Raden Wijaya, who later founded the Majapahit Empire around 1293.

Step 2: Explore Kertanegara's Religious Innovations

• Kertanegara is recognized for merging Hinduism (Shivaism) with Buddhism (Tantrayana).
• He is often referred to as Bhatara Siwa Buda in the Pararaton, highlighting his dual religious influence.
• The Nagarakretagama describes Kertanegara as knowledgeable in both Hindu and Buddhist teachings, signifying his role in promoting religious unity.

Step 3: Examine Architectural Contributions and Artifacts

• Kertanegara is memorialized in the statue of Jina Mahakshobhya (Buddha), located in Taman Apsari, Surabaya.
• This statue symbolizes the fusion of Shiva and Buddha traditions, representing Kertanegara's religious philosophy.
• The statue was originally from Kandang Gajak, Trowulan, and was moved to Surabaya in 1817.

Step 4: Investigate the Cultural Legacy of the Majapahit Era

• The Majapahit period is celebrated for its architectural marvels and rich cultural heritage.
• The Candi Jawi serves as a significant historical site that reflects the architectural style and religious beliefs of that time.
• Understanding the cultural practices and rituals of the era can provide insights into the daily lives of people during Kertanegara’s reign.

Step 5: Appreciate the Broader Implications of Indonesian History

• The history of the Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms in Indonesia offers a unique perspective on the region's past and its cultural evolution.
• Exploring the philosophical and cultural nuances of ancient Javanese society can enhance appreciation for modern Indonesian culture.
• Engaging with historical narratives can foster a deeper understanding of Indonesia's identity on a global scale.

Conclusion

King Kertanegara's reign and the architectural legacy of Candi Jawi provide valuable insights into Indonesia's rich historical tapestry. By exploring the integration of religious practices, significant artifacts, and the cultural impact of the Majapahit era, readers can gain a deeper appreciation for Indonesia's unique heritage. To continue your exploration, consider researching other significant sites and figures in Indonesian history, or watch related videos for a more immersive experience.