Cara Penentuan posisi kapal - Baringan geseran

Introduction

This tutorial is designed for beginners in navigation, particularly focusing on the techniques for determining a ship's position using bearings. We will explore the concept of "bearing geseran" and how it applies to maritime navigation. Understanding these methods is essential for sailors and maritime professionals.

Step 1: Understanding Bearing

• Definition of Bearing: A bearing is a direction or angle between the ship and a specific object or reference point. It is typically measured in degrees.
• Types of Bearings:
  • True Bearing: Measured clockwise from true north.
  • Magnetic Bearing: Measured from magnetic north, which may vary due to local magnetic anomalies.

Step 2: Using Bearings to Determine Position

1. Gather Reference Points: Identify landmarks, buoys, or navigational aids visible from your position.
2. Take Bearings: Use a compass or bearing device to measure the angle to each reference point.
3. Record Your Bearings: Write down the bearings along with the distances to each reference point.

Step 3: Plotting Bearings on a Chart

• Tools Needed: Nautical chart, compass, pencil, and ruler.
• Steps to Plot:
  1. Draw a line from the reference point on the chart at the angle of the bearing.
  2. Repeat for each bearing to create multiple lines.
  3. The intersection of these lines indicates your position.

Step 4: Understanding Additional Bearings

• Baring 4 Surat: This technique involves taking bearings from four distinct reference points for a more accurate position fix.
• Baring with Peruman: Use a known distance and angle to determine your position relative to a reference.
• Baring with Distance: Measure the distance to a visible object and combine it with the bearing to triangulate your position.

Step 5: Using Distance to Establish Position

• Visual Range: Understand the visibility range of lights or buoys. For instance, "jarak tampak suar" refers to the distance at which a light can be seen.
• Calculate Distance: Use nautical charts to determine distances based on the scale provided.

Step 6: Practical Tips and Common Pitfalls

• Double-Check Measurements: Always verify your bearings and distances to avoid navigational errors.
• Use Reliable Equipment: Ensure your compass and navigation tools are calibrated correctly.
• Stay Updated on Weather Conditions: Visibility can be affected by weather; plan accordingly.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we covered the essential techniques for determining a ship's position using bearings. By mastering these methods, you can enhance your navigation skills and confidence at sea. As a next step, practice taking and plotting bearings in a controlled environment, such as in simulations or during training exercises. This foundational knowledge will serve you well in your maritime career.