Aula 1: O que é literatura? (Terry Eagleton) | Introdução aos Estudos Literários

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of literature as discussed by Terry Eagleton in the video "Aula 1: O que é literatura?" presented by Isadora Urbano. It aims to introduce key concepts and definitions that will enhance your understanding of literary studies. This guide is especially relevant for students of literature and those interested in deepening their knowledge of literary theory.

Step 1: Understand the Definition of Literature

• Explore the various definitions of literature.
• Recognize that literature is not just confined to written texts but encompasses a broader spectrum of cultural expressions.
• Consider literature as a reflection of society, capturing emotions, ideologies, and human experiences.

Step 2: Examine the Functions of Literature

• Identify key functions of literature, which include:
  • Aesthetic Pleasure: Literature provides enjoyment and beauty through language and storytelling.
  • Cognitive Engagement: Engaging with literature challenges readers to think critically and analyze different perspectives.
  • Cultural Reflection: Literature mirrors societal values and issues, making it a valuable historical document.

Step 3: Explore Literary Theory

• Familiarize yourself with major literary theories such as:
  • Formalism: Focuses on the form and structure of texts.
  • Marxism: Examines literature through the lens of class struggle and economic factors.
  • Psychoanalysis: Analyzes the psychological motivations of characters and authors.
• Understand how these theories provide different lenses through which to interpret literature.

Step 4: Consider the Role of the Reader

• Discuss the importance of the reader's interpretation in literature.
• Acknowledge that meaning is not solely embedded in the text but is created through the interaction between the reader and the work.
• Reflect on how personal experiences and cultural backgrounds shape individual interpretations.

Step 5: Analyze the Impact of Historical Context

• Investigate how the historical and social context influences literary works.
• Recognize that literature often responds to the events and ideologies of its time.
• Consider the importance of studying the context in which a text was produced for a deeper understanding.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have covered essential concepts of literature as outlined by Terry Eagleton. Key takeaways include understanding the multifaceted definitions of literature, its functions, the role of literary theory, the importance of reader interpretation, and the impact of historical context. To further your studies, consider reading diverse literary works and applying these concepts to your analyses. Engage with different literary theories to enhance your critical thinking and deepen your appreciation for literature.