BAB 3: Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu (NNMB) | Sistem Residen | SEJARAH TINGKATAN 3 |

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the administrative system in the Federated Malay States, commonly referred to as the Resident System. It is designed to help students understand the historical context and significance of this system in Malaysian history, particularly for those preparing for the PT3 history examination.

Step 1: Understand the Background of the Federated Malay States

• The Federated Malay States (FMS) were established in the early 20th century as part of British colonial administration.
• The FMS included several states like Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, and Pahang.
• The purpose of the formation was to promote political stability and economic development under British control.

Step 2: Learn About the Resident System

• The Resident System was a method of indirect rule implemented by the British.
• Each state within the FMS was assigned a British Resident who acted as an advisor to the Sultans.
• The Resident had significant authority over state affairs, often influencing local policies and governance.

Step 3: Recognize the Roles and Responsibilities

• The Resident's main roles included:
  • Advising the Sultan on governance and administration.
  • Overseeing economic development and trade.
  • Ensuring law and order in the state.
• Residents worked closely with local chiefs and officials to implement British policies.

Step 4: Identify the Impact of the Resident System

• The Resident System led to:
  • Centralized governance, reducing the autonomy of local rulers.
  • Economic changes, including the introduction of cash crops and infrastructure development.
  • Social changes, such as increased migration and the establishment of new communities.

Step 5: Acknowledge the Challenges and Opposition

• Local resistance to British control and the Resident System was common.
• Various groups, including traditional elites and the populace, opposed foreign intervention in local governance.
• Key events and movements arose in response to the challenges posed by the Resident System.

Conclusion

Understanding the Resident System and its implications provides valuable insights into the historical governance of the Federated Malay States. This knowledge is essential for students preparing for their history exams. To further your learning, consider exploring primary sources or historical texts related to the period, and keep practicing with your school textbooks for a more in-depth understanding.