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MOST Frequently USED LINUX COMMANDS in JOB for Beginners [HINDI]

3 min read 4 hours ago

Published on Oct 24, 2024 This response is partially generated with the help of AI. It may contain inaccuracies.

Table of Contents

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the most frequently used Linux commands that are essential for beginners in a job setting. Whether you are transitioning to Linux or looking to enhance your skills, mastering these commands will empower you to manage files, processes, users, and applications effectively.

Step 1: Master File and Directory Commands

Understanding how to manage files and directories is foundational in Linux. Here are the key commands:

List files and directories
```
ls
```
Change directory
```
cd [directory_name]
```
- Tip: Use cd .. to go back to the previous directory.
Create a directory
```
mkdir [directory_name]
```
Remove a file
```
rm [file_name]
```
Remove a directory
```
rmdir [directory_name]
```
- Note: Use rm -r [directory_name] for non-empty directories.

Step 2: Utilize Network Commands

Networking is crucial for system administration. Use the following commands to manage network settings:

Check network configuration
```
ifconfig
```
Ping a host
```
ping [hostname_or_IP]
```
Display routing table
```
route -n
```

Step 3: Process Management Commands

Managing processes is key to maintaining system performance. Here are the commands you need:

List running processes
```
ps aux
```
Kill a process
```
kill [PID]
```
- Replace [PID] with the process ID.
Terminate a process forcefully
```
kill -9 [PID]
```

Step 4: User Management Commands

User management is essential in a multi-user environment. Use these commands:

Add a new user
```
sudo adduser [username]
```
Delete a user
```
sudo deluser [username]
```
Change a user’s password
```
passwd [username]
```

Step 5: Application Management Commands

Installing and managing applications is important for productivity. Key commands include:

Update package lists
```
sudo apt update
```
Install an application
```
sudo apt install [package_name]
```
Remove an application
```
sudo apt remove [package_name]
```

Step 6: Work with Environment Variables

Environment variables can affect system behavior. Here’s how to manage them:

Display environment variables
```
printenv
```
Set a new environment variable
```
export [VAR_NAME]=[value]
```
Remove an environment variable
```
unset [VAR_NAME]
```

Step 7: Explore Other Useful Commands

Here are additional commands that can enhance your workflow:

Search for files
```
find [directory] -name [file_name]
```
View file contents
```
cat [file_name]
```
Display disk usage
```
df -h
```

Conclusion

By mastering these essential Linux commands, you'll be better equipped to handle various tasks in your job. Practice these commands regularly to increase your confidence and efficiency in using the Linux operating system. As you become more familiar, consider exploring advanced commands and scripting to further enhance your skills.

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