Dasar pemrograman manual #G02 dan #G03 pada mesin bubut CNC

Introduction

This tutorial covers the basics of using G-code commands G02 and G03 for CNC lathes, specifically focusing on contour movements. Understanding these commands is essential for effective programming and manipulation of CNC machines. This guide will help you learn how to implement these commands without using parameters I, J, and K, which are typically used for defining circular arcs.

Step 1: Understanding G02 and G03 Commands

G02 and G03 are G-code commands used to control circular movements on a CNC machine.

• G02: This command is used for clockwise circular interpolation.
• G03: This command is used for counterclockwise circular interpolation.

Key Components

• X: Defines the coordinate on the X-axis (diameter).
• Z: Defines the coordinate on the Z-axis (length).
• R: Represents the radius or half the diameter of the arc.
• F: Indicates the feed rate or cutting speed.

Step 2: Setting Up Your CNC Program

Before executing G02 or G03 commands, ensure your CNC machine is correctly set up.

1. Power on the CNC machine and load your program.
2. Input the starting point for your contour. This is crucial as all movements are calculated based on this point.
3. Select the appropriate tools for your machining process.

Step 3: Writing the G-code for Circular Movements

When you are ready to input your movements, follow these steps to write the G-code:

Example of G02 Command

G02 X10 Z5 R2 F100

• This command moves the tool in a clockwise direction to the point (10, 5) with a radius of 2 units and a feed rate of 100.

Example of G03 Command

G03 X20 Z10 R3 F150

• This command moves the tool in a counterclockwise direction to the point (20, 10) with a radius of 3 units and a feed rate of 150.

Step 4: Executing the Program

Once your G-code is ready:

1. Run a simulation if your CNC software allows it. This helps identify any potential issues before actual machining.
2. Start the CNC machine and monitor the operation.
3. Observe the tool path to ensure it follows the programmed trajectory correctly.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned about the fundamental G-code commands G02 and G03 for CNC lathes, focusing on their syntax and application without complex parameters. Understanding these commands allows for efficient programming and operation of CNC machines.

For further practice, experiment with different coordinates and radius values to see how they affect the contour movements, and try integrating these commands into larger machining programs.