FEDERALISM WITH MALAYALAM EXPLANATION CBSE 10 POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER 2 PART 1

Introduction

This tutorial provides a clear and concise overview of federalism as explained in the CBSE 10 Political Science Chapter 2. It is designed to help students understand the key concepts of federalism, its features, and significance in governance. This guide simplifies complex ideas into actionable steps, making it easier to grasp the fundamental principles of federalism relevant to CBSE curriculum.

Step 1: Understand the Concept of Federalism

• Definition: Federalism is a system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units, such as states or provinces.
• Key Features:
  • Division of powers: Responsibilities are shared among different levels of government.
  • Written constitution: Federal systems typically have a constitution that clearly outlines the distribution of powers.
  • Supremacy of the constitution: The constitution is the highest law, and both levels of government must operate within its framework.

Step 2: Identify the Types of Powers

• Enumerated Powers: Powers explicitly granted to the central government by the constitution.
• Residual Powers: Powers that are not mentioned in the constitution and are reserved for the states.
• Concurrent Powers: Powers shared by both the central and state governments, such as taxation and law enforcement.

Step 3: Explore the Advantages of Federalism

• Local Governance: Federalism allows for local governments to address local issues more effectively.
• Diversity: It accommodates diverse populations and regional differences.
• Checks and Balances: The division of powers prevents any one level of government from becoming too powerful.

Step 4: Examine the Disadvantages of Federalism

• Complexity: The division of powers can lead to confusion and inefficiency in governance.
• Conflict: Disputes may arise between central and state governments over jurisdiction and authority.
• Inequality: Different states may have varying levels of resources and capabilities, leading to unequal development.

Step 5: Analyze Federalism in India

• Structure: India has a federal structure with a strong central government complemented by state governments.
• Constitutional Provisions: Articles in the Indian Constitution define the powers and responsibilities of both the central and state governments.
• Significance: Federalism in India promotes unity while allowing for regional autonomy, essential in a country with diverse cultures and languages.

Conclusion

Federalism is a crucial concept in political science that emphasizes the division of powers between different levels of government. Understanding its features, advantages, and disadvantages is essential for grasping how governance operates in a federal system like India. Students should review the constitution's role in federalism and consider how these principles apply to current governance issues. For further study, explore the impact of federalism on local governance and community engagement.