AKIDAH AKHLAK KELAS XI BAB MUNCULNYA ALIRAN KALAM DALAM PERISTIWA TAHKIM

Introduction

This tutorial focuses on the emergence of the Kalam school of thought within the context of the Tahkim events. Understanding this topic is crucial for students studying Islamic theology and ethics, particularly in the context of Class XI. This guide will break down the key concepts and historical events related to Kalam and Tahkim, providing a clear pathway to grasp these important ideas.

Step 1: Understanding Kalam

• Definition of Kalam: Kalam refers to Islamic theological discourse that seeks to explain and defend beliefs based on reason and rational argumentation.
• Significance: It plays a critical role in how Islamic scholars have approached issues of faith and reason.
• Key Figures: Familiarize yourself with influential Kalam scholars, such as Al-Ghazali and Al-Ash'ari, who shaped the discourse.

Step 2: Historical Context of Tahkim

• What is Tahkim?: Tahkim (arbitration) refers to a historical event during the First Fitna (Islamic civil war) where a resolution was sought between conflicting parties.
• Major Events:
  • The Battle of Siffin: Understand how this battle set the stage for the Tahkim process.
  • The Role of Muawiyah and Ali: Analyze the significance of their leadership and decisions during the conflict.

Step 3: The Emergence of Kalam During Tahkim

• Influence of Tahkim on Kalam:
  • Explore how the disputes and need for justification during Tahkim led to the development of Kalam as a method of theological debate.
  • Discuss the shift from purely traditionalist approaches to more rational and philosophical arguments.

Step 4: Key Concepts in Kalam

• Attributes of God: Learn about the discussions concerning God's nature and attributes that arose from Kalam debates.
• Human Free Will: Familiarize yourself with the arguments about predestination versus free will that became prominent in Kalam.

Step 5: Practical Implications of Kalam

• Relevance Today: Discuss how Kalam continues to influence contemporary Islamic thought and its application in modern issues such as ethics and governance.
• Study Recommendations: Encourage further reading on critical texts related to Kalam and its historical context for deeper understanding.

Conclusion

In summary, the emergence of Kalam during the Tahkim events marks a significant development in Islamic theological thought. By understanding the historical context and key figures involved, you can appreciate how these discussions have shaped contemporary beliefs and practices in Islam. To continue your learning journey, consider exploring primary texts and engaging in discussions about the implications of these theological debates in today's world.