Serveur de fichiers - Episode 4 - La déduplication

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will explore how to save disk space on a file server using deduplication. This powerful feature allows you to reclaim storage without deleting any files. We will focus on configuring deduplication in Windows Server 2022, providing step-by-step instructions and practical tips along the way.

Step 1: Understanding Deduplication

• Deduplication is a process that eliminates redundant copies of data, allowing for significant space savings.
• It works by identifying duplicate data blocks and storing only one copy, while referencing it wherever duplicates occur.
• This feature is particularly useful for file servers that handle large volumes of similar files, such as backups and virtual machines.

Step 2: Preparing for Deduplication

• Ensure you have Windows Server 2022 installed and updated.
• Confirm that the server has sufficient resources (CPU, RAM, and storage) to support deduplication.
• Identify the volume that you want to enable deduplication on. Deduplication is typically applied to NTFS volumes.

Step 3: Enabling Deduplication on Windows Server 2022

1. Open the Server Manager.
2. Click on Manage and select Add Roles and Features.
3. Follow the wizard to reach the Features section.
4. Check the box for Data Deduplication and complete the installation.

Step 4: Configuring Deduplication

1. Open Windows PowerShell as an administrator.
2. Run the following command to enable deduplication on your selected volume (replace D: with your volume letter):

   Enable-DedupVolume -Volume D:
   

3. To configure deduplication settings, use the following command to set the schedule for deduplication:

   Set-DedupSchedule -Name "DedupSchedule" -Days Sunday -Start 1:00AM -Duration 2Hours
   

4. You can also adjust the deduplication settings, such as the minimum file age and maximum memory usage.

Step 5: Monitoring Deduplication

• Use the following command to check the status of deduplication:

  Get-DedupStatus
  

• Review the output to see how much space has been saved and any potential issues.

Step 6: Maintaining Deduplication

• Regularly monitor the deduplication process to ensure it operates smoothly.
• Consider scheduling periodic deduplication jobs to maximize space savings.
• Regularly back up your data to prevent loss during deduplication processes.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you'll effectively configure deduplication on Windows Server 2022, allowing you to save disk space without needing to delete any files. This feature is invaluable for managing storage efficiently, particularly in environments with a high volume of duplicate data. For further learning, consider exploring additional resources related to server management and maintenance.