RELATIVE PRONOUN| MACAM-MACAM PRONOUN|

Introduction

This tutorial focuses on understanding relative pronouns in English, an essential component of English grammar. Relative pronouns connect clauses or phrases, helping to provide additional information about a noun. Mastering these can enhance your writing and comprehension skills significantly.

Step 1: Understanding Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns are used to connect two clauses or to provide more information about a noun. In English, there are five main relative pronouns:

• Who: Refers to people.
• Whom: Also refers to people but is used in more formal contexts or as the object of a verb or preposition.
• Whose: Indicates possession.
• Which: Refers to animals or things.
• That: Can refer to people, animals, or things.

Practical Tips

• Use "who" when the pronoun is the subject of the clause.
• Use "whom" when the pronoun is the object of the clause.
• "Whose" is used to show ownership.
• "Which" is often used in non-restrictive clauses (providing extra information).
• "That" is used in restrictive clauses (essential information).

Step 2: Using Relative Pronouns in Sentences

To effectively use relative pronouns, it’s important to understand how they fit into sentences. Here are examples for each pronoun:

1. Who:
   • Example: The teacher who explains well is appreciated.
2. Whom:
   • Example: The student whom you met yesterday is my friend.
3. Whose:
   • Example: The girl whose bike was stolen is sad.
4. Which:
   • Example: The book which I borrowed is interesting.
5. That:
   • Example: The car that I bought is red.

Common Pitfalls

• Confusing "who" and "whom": Remember, "who" is for subjects, while "whom" is for objects.
• Using "which" in restrictive clauses instead of "that": Use "that" for essential information.

Step 3: Practicing with Relative Pronouns

To reinforce your understanding, practice creating sentences using each relative pronoun. Here are some prompts:

• Write a sentence about a friend using "who."
• Describe a possession using "whose."
• Explain a preference using "which."

Activity

Try rewriting the following sentence using a relative pronoun:

• "The children are playing the violin. You met the children last night."
• Possible rewrite: "The children whom you met last night are playing the violin."

Conclusion

Relative pronouns are vital for connecting ideas in English. By understanding how to use "who," "whom," "whose," "which," and "that," you can create more complex and informative sentences. Practice regularly to enhance your skills, and feel free to revisit this guide for clarification. Happy learning!