Bagaimana Membuat Paradigma Penelitian Sederhana Berurutan - Metode Penelitian Survey

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide on creating a simple sequential research paradigm, focusing on survey research methods. It is particularly useful for students working on their theses, offering structured insights into formulating research problems, hypotheses, theories, and statistical analysis.

Step 1: Understanding Research Paradigms

• Familiarize yourself with the two main research paradigms:
  • Quantitative Research: Focuses on quantifying data and generalizing results across groups.
  • Qualitative Research: Aims to understand concepts and experiences through non-numerical data.
• Recognize the importance of choosing the right paradigm based on your research question and objectives.

Step 2: Formulating the Research Problem

• Clearly define your research problem by considering the following:
  • Identify gaps in existing literature.
  • Ask specific questions that guide your inquiry.
  • Ensure the problem is relevant and researchable.
• Example questions:
  • What factors influence student performance?
  • How does social media usage affect academic success?

Step 3: Developing Hypotheses

• Construct hypotheses that provide testable predictions related to your research problem.
• Tips for writing hypotheses:
  • Be clear and concise.
  • Ensure they are measurable and specific.
• Example hypothesis:
  • "Increased social media usage negatively impacts student GPA."

Step 4: Theoretical Framework

• Choose a theoretical framework to support your research.
• This framework should:
  • Provide context for your research problem.
  • Help interpret your findings.
• Common theories in survey research include:
  • Social Learning Theory
  • Motivation Theory

Step 5: Designing the Survey

• Create a survey that effectively gathers data relevant to your research problem.
• Components of a good survey:
  • Clear and concise questions.
  • Appropriate scaling (e.g., Likert scale).
  • Demographic questions to contextualize responses.
• Avoid leading questions that may bias results.

Step 6: Sampling Techniques

• Determine your sample size and sampling method:
  • Population: The entire group you want to study.
  • Sample: A subset of the population.
• Common sampling methods:
  • Random sampling: Every individual has an equal chance of being selected.
  • Stratified sampling: The population is divided into strata, and samples are drawn from each.

Step 7: Data Analysis

• Utilize statistical tools to analyze survey results.
• Basic analysis techniques include:
  • Descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode).
  • Inferential statistics (t-tests, ANOVA).
• Software tools to consider:
  • SPSS
  • R
  • Excel

Conclusion

In summary, developing a simple sequential research paradigm involves understanding research methods, clearly formulating your research problem and hypotheses, establishing a theoretical framework, designing an effective survey, and applying proper sampling and data analysis techniques. By following these steps, you can create a robust foundation for your research project. Next, consider diving deeper into each step to refine your methodology and enhance your thesis quality.