What is the operating principle of a fan motor? [in Sinhala]

Introduction

This tutorial explains the operating principle of a fan motor, focusing on the components that affect speed regulation and function. Understanding how the coil wire on the stator interacts with the regulator, fuse, and capacitor can help you troubleshoot or improve table fan performance.

Step 1: Understanding the Stator Coil

• Identify the coil wire located on the stator of the fan motor.
• The coil wire generates a magnetic field when electric current passes through it.
• This magnetic field interacts with the rotor to create motion, causing the fan blades to spin.

Practical Advice

• When inspecting the stator, ensure the wires are intact and free from corrosion or damage.
• If you notice performance issues, check the connections and the coil wire for signs of wear.

Step 2: Regulating Speed with the Regulator

• The fan's speed is controlled by a regulator that adjusts the voltage supplied to the coil.
• By changing the voltage, the regulator alters the speed of the motor, allowing for multiple speed settings.

Practical Advice

• Familiarize yourself with the types of regulators available: mechanical (rotary) and electronic.
• If the fan speed is inconsistent, the regulator might need to be checked or replaced.

Step 3: The Role of the Fuse

• The fuse protects the fan from overcurrent, preventing potential damage to the motor.
• If the fan stops working, checking the fuse is a good first step in troubleshooting.

Practical Advice

• Ensure the fuse rating matches the specifications of your fan model.
• Replace any blown fuses with the correct type to restore functionality.

Step 4: Understanding the Capacitor

• The capacitor is essential for starting the fan motor and maintaining speed control.
• It stores electrical energy and releases it to the motor during startup.

Practical Advice

• Inspect the capacitor for bulging or leaks, which can indicate failure.
• If the fan struggles to start or runs unevenly, consider testing or replacing the capacitor.

Conclusion

By understanding the components of a fan motor—including the stator coil, regulator, fuse, and capacitor—you can effectively troubleshoot issues or enhance your fan's performance. Regular maintenance and inspections of these parts will ensure your table fan operates efficiently. If you encounter persistent problems, consider consulting a professional for further assistance.