Mãos à Obra - programa 15 - Instalações hidráulicas (água fria)

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will guide you through the essential steps for installing a cold water plumbing system in a house. This process includes network sizing, understanding water pressure, setting up a water tank, installing valves and piping, connecting to the municipal water supply, and maintaining your water tank.

Step 1: Dimensioning the Water Network

• Calculate the total water demand for your household.
• Determine the diameter of pipes needed based on the flow rate and distance.
• Use the following formula to estimate flow rate:
  • Flow rate (Q) = Total demand (liters) / Time (hours)
• Choose the appropriate pipe sizes to ensure efficient water flow without excessive pressure loss.

Step 2: Understanding Water Pressure

• Measure the water pressure at the main supply point.
• Ensure the pressure is sufficient to meet household needs, typically between 20-80 psi.
• If pressure is too low, consider installing a pressure booster.

Step 3: Setting Up the Water Tank

• Select a suitable location for the water tank, ensuring it is accessible for maintenance.
• Install the tank at a height that allows for gravity-fed water supply.
• Connect the tank to the main water supply, ensuring secure fittings to prevent leaks.

Step 4: Installing Valves and Piping

• Choose the right type of valves for your system, such as gate valves or ball valves, for better control.
• Cut and lay out the piping as per the dimensions calculated in Step 1.
• Use appropriate connectors and fittings to secure each joint.
• Ensure all pipes are properly insulated to prevent heat loss and freezing.

Step 5: Connecting to the Municipal Water Supply

• Identify the main supply line and determine the best connection point.
• Use a T-fitting to connect your water line to the municipal system.
• Ensure that all connections are watertight and secure.

Step 6: Cleaning the Water Tank

• Regularly clean the water tank to avoid sediment build-up and contamination.
• Empty the tank and scrub the interior with a non-toxic cleaner.
• Rinse thoroughly and refill the tank with fresh water.

Step 7: Installing Branch Lines

• Determine the layout for branch lines leading to various fixtures like sinks, showers, and toilets.
• Use appropriate pipe sizes for each branch to maintain consistent pressure.
• Ensure proper slope in drain lines to facilitate drainage.

Conclusion

Successfully installing a cold water plumbing system involves careful planning and execution. By following these steps, you can ensure that your plumbing system is efficient and reliable. Remember to regularly maintain your system and check for leaks or blockages. For further improvements, consider exploring options for water filtration and regular inspections of your plumbing system.