CARA KONFIGURASI JARINGAN LINUX DEBIAN 12 DI VIRTUALBOX

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to configure the network settings on Debian 12 using VirtualBox. Proper network configuration is essential for enabling internet connectivity and communication between virtual machines. Whether you're setting up a local development environment or experimenting with network settings, this guide will help you through the process.

Step 1: Setting Up VirtualBox Network Settings

1. Open VirtualBox and select the Debian 12 virtual machine.
2. Access Settings:
   • Right-click on the Debian VM and select "Settings."
3. Configure Network Adapter:
   • Navigate to the "Network" tab.
   • Ensure that Adapter 1 is enabled and attached to the appropriate network type:
     • NAT: Use this for basic internet access.
     • Bridged Adapter: Use this to allow the VM to appear as a separate device on the local network.

Step 2: Booting into Debian and Opening the Terminal

1. Start the Debian 12 VM.
2. Log in to your account.
3. Open the Terminal:
   • You can find it in the applications menu or use the shortcut Ctrl + Alt + T.

Step 3: Checking Current Network Configuration

1. View Network Interfaces:

   • Use the command:

     ip a
     

   • This will display a list of network interfaces and their current configurations.

2. Identify the Interface:

   • Look for an interface named eth0 or ens33 (the name may vary).
   • Note the IP address if assigned.

Step 4: Configuring the Network Interface

1. Edit Network Interfaces File:

   • Open the file using a text editor with root privileges:

     sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
     

2. Modify Configuration:

   • For a static IP configuration, add the following lines (replace values as needed):

     auto eth0
     iface eth0 inet static
         address 192.168.1.100
         netmask 255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.1.1
     

   • For DHCP, ensure the following line is present:

     auto eth0
     iface eth0 inet dhcp
     

3. Save and Exit:

   • Press Ctrl + X, then Y, and finally Enter to save changes.

Step 5: Restarting Networking Service

1. Restart Networking:
   • To apply the changes, use the command:

     sudo systemctl restart networking
     

2. Verify the Configuration:
   • Check the network interfaces again using:

     ip a
     

   • Ensure the new IP address appears as expected.

Step 6: Testing Connectivity

1. Ping an External Address:
   • Test internet connectivity by pinging a known website:

     ping google.com
     

2. Check for Successful Responses:
   • If you receive responses, your network configuration is successful.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned how to configure the network settings for Debian 12 running on VirtualBox. Key steps included setting up the virtual network adapter, editing the network interfaces file, and testing connectivity. For further exploration, consider experimenting with different network configurations to better understand their implications, or look into setting up additional services like a web server or file sharing on your virtual machine.