The Bonus Army III

Introduction

This tutorial provides a detailed overview of the events surrounding the Bonus Army, a significant moment in American history during the Great Depression. It explores the formation of the Bonus Army, their demands, and the government's response, highlighting its relevance to understanding social movements and governmental policy.

Step 1: Understanding the Context of the Bonus Army

• The Bonus Army was formed in 1932 during the Great Depression.
• Comprised of World War I veterans, the group demanded early payment of a bonus promised to them for their military service.
• The economic hardship of the time fueled their determination to rally for their rights.

Step 2: Formation of the Bonus Army

• Veterans began gathering in Washington, D.C., in the spring of 1932.
• They set up camps near the Capitol, with thousands participating.
• The group organized to advocate for the immediate payment of their bonuses, which were not due until 1945.

Step 3: The March on Washington

• The veterans marched to the Capitol to present their demands to Congress.
• They aimed to gain public support and pressure lawmakers to pass legislation for the early payment of bonuses.
• The march highlighted the desperation of veterans and their families during this period.

Step 4: Government Response

• Initially, the government, led by President Herbert Hoover, refused to meet the demands of the Bonus Army.
• The Senate voted against the proposal to pay the bonuses early, leading to increased tensions.
• Hoover's administration viewed the veterans' encampment as a threat to public order.

Step 5: The Eviction of the Bonus Army

• In July 1932, after the Senate's rejection, the government ordered the Bonus Army to vacate their camps.
• General Douglas MacArthur led the military to clear the camps, using force.
• The eviction resulted in violent clashes between the veterans and the military, leading to several injuries and a tragic loss of life.

Step 6: Legacy of the Bonus Army

• The Bonus Army's struggle highlighted the plight of veterans and the failure of the government to assist them.
• This event contributed to changing perceptions regarding veterans' rights and governmental responsibility.
• In 1936, the U.S. government ultimately passed legislation to provide the bonuses, albeit later than requested.

Conclusion

The Bonus Army's march on Washington remains a poignant example of civic activism and government response to social unrest. Understanding this historical event provides insight into the ongoing challenges faced by veterans and the importance of advocacy for their rights. As a next step, consider researching modern veteran advocacy groups and their efforts to support current and former service members.