PRAKTIKUM LIQUID DAN SEMISOLID D3 FARMASI - PEMBUATAN GEL

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide for creating gel formulations, a key aspect of liquid and semisolid preparations in pharmacy practice. Understanding how to make gels is essential for pharmaceutical students and professionals, as gels can be used for topical applications, delivering medications effectively.

Step 1: Gather Materials

To begin the gel preparation, you will need the following materials:

• Gel base (e.g., carbomer or xanthan gum)
• Solvent (usually distilled water)
• Preservatives (if necessary)
• Equipment:
  • Beaker
  • Stirring rod or magnetic stirrer
  • pH meter or pH strips
  • Measuring scale

Step 2: Prepare the Gel Base

1. Measure the Gel Base: Weigh the appropriate amount of gel base according to your formulation requirements.
2. Mix with Solvent: Gradually add the gel base to a predetermined volume of distilled water in a beaker.
3. Stir Thoroughly: Use a stirring rod or magnetic stirrer to mix the gel base with water until fully hydrated and no lumps remain.

Step 3: Adjust pH

1. Check Initial pH: Use a pH meter or pH strips to measure the initial pH of the mixture.
2. Adjust pH: If necessary, adjust the pH to the desired level (usually between 5.5 and 7.0) using a pH adjuster like citric acid or sodium hydroxide.
3. Stir Again: Continue stirring until the pH is stable and uniform throughout the mixture.

Step 4: Incorporate Active Ingredients

1. Select Active Ingredients: Choose the medication or active ingredients you want to include in your gel.
2. Dissolve or Disperse: If the active ingredient is a powder, dissolve or disperse it in a small amount of solvent before adding it to the gel base.
3. Add to Gel: Slowly add the active ingredient mixture to the gel while continuously stirring to ensure even distribution.

Step 5: Add Preservatives (If Needed)

1. Determine Necessity: If your gel will be stored for an extended period, adding a preservative may be necessary.
2. Measure and Add: Measure the appropriate amount of preservative and mix it into the gel thoroughly.
3. Final Stir: Give the gel a final stir to ensure all components are well combined.

Step 6: Packaging

1. Choose Containers: Select appropriate containers for your gel, ensuring they are clean and sterilized.
2. Transfer Gel: Carefully pour or scoop the gel into the containers.
3. Seal and Label: Seal the containers and label them with the product name, ingredients, and expiration date.

Conclusion

Creating a gel formulation involves careful measurement, mixing, and pH adjustment. Mastering this technique is crucial for pharmacy students and professionals, as it allows for effective medication delivery in topical applications. After gaining confidence in making gels, explore different formulations and active ingredients to expand your skills in pharmaceutical preparations.