Simulasi Burung (1) - Latihan Strategi Algoritmik dan Pemrograman Lintas Bidang

Introduction

This tutorial aims to guide you through the process of simulating the trajectory of a bird launched from a slingshot, focusing on calculating the maximum horizontal distance it can travel. This exercise is relevant for students studying algorithms and programming in the context of physics, specifically the principles of uniformly accelerated motion.

Step 1: Understanding the Problem

• Define the key elements of the simulation:
  • The bird (Boro) is launched from a slingshot.
  • The goal is to calculate the maximum horizontal distance traveled.
• Familiarize yourself with the concept of uniformly accelerated motion (Gerak Lurus Berubah Beraturan - GLBB), which is essential for this simulation.
• Identify the variables that affect the bird's flight, including:
  • Launch angle
  • Initial velocity
  • Acceleration due to gravity

Step 2: Setting Up the Simulation Environment

• Choose a programming language suitable for your simulation. Common options include Python, Java, or C++.
• Install any necessary software or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) for coding. For example:
  • Use PyCharm for Python
  • Use Eclipse for Java
• Create a new project or file for your simulation code.

Step 3: Writing the Code for the Simulation

• Start coding the basic structure of your program. Below is a simple outline in Python:

import math

def calculate_distance(initial_velocity, launch_angle):
    g = 9.81  # Acceleration due to gravity in m/s^2
    launch_angle_rad = math.radians(launch_angle)  # Convert angle to radians
    distance = (initial_velocity ** 2) * math.sin(2 * launch_angle_rad) / g
    return distance

• In this code:
  • initial_velocity is the speed at which the bird is launched.
  • launch_angle is the angle of the launch.
  • The formula used calculates the horizontal distance using the physics of projectile motion.

Step 4: Testing the Simulation

• Test your simulation with different values for initial_velocity and launch_angle to see how they affect the distance traveled.
• Use print statements to display the results. For example:

initial_velocity = 20  # Example value in m/s
launch_angle = 45  # Example value in degrees
distance = calculate_distance(initial_velocity, launch_angle)
print(f"The maximum horizontal distance is {distance:.2f} meters.")

• Adjust parameters to explore various scenarios and gather insights on the bird's flight characteristics.

Step 5: Analyzing Results

• After running the simulation:
  • Analyze the output to understand how different angles and speeds impact the distance.
  • Create a summary of your findings, noting optimal launch angles and speeds for maximum distance.

Conclusion

This tutorial provided a foundational understanding of how to simulate a bird's flight using the principles of physics and programming. By calculating the maximum horizontal distance, you can enhance your knowledge of algorithms and their practical applications in real-world scenarios. Consider extending this simulation by incorporating factors like wind resistance or using graphical libraries to visualize the flight path for a more comprehensive project.