Plato's Theory of Mimesis or Imitation and Art (Literary Criticism and Theory) @HappyLiterature

Introduction

This tutorial explores Plato's Theory of Mimesis, or imitation, and its implications for literature and art. Understanding this theory is essential for anyone studying literary criticism, as it provides insight into Plato's views on the relationship between art and reality.

Step 1: Understanding Mimesis

• Definition of Mimesis: In Plato's philosophy, mimesis refers to the act of imitation. He argues that art imitates the world around us, which in turn is a mere reflection of the ultimate reality, the world of forms.
• Twice Removed from Reality: According to Plato, literature is "twice removed" from reality because:
  1. The original reality (the world of forms)
  2. The physical world we perceive
  3. Art, which is an imitation of the physical world

Step 2: Analyzing Plato's Hostility Toward Art

• Nature of Imitation: Plato viewed mimetic arts and poetry as inferior because they do not represent truth. Instead, they offer copies of copies, leading to a distorted perception of reality.
• Negative Connotations: The term "imitation" is often associated with a lack of originality. For Plato, imitating something means producing a version that is inherently less valuable than the original.

Step 3: Exploring Reasons for Hostility

• Moral Concerns: Plato believed that art could corrupt the soul by promoting false values and emotions. He argued that poetry could mislead individuals about virtue and justice.
• Impact on Society: He feared that mimetic arts could sway public opinion and create chaos, as they appeal to emotions rather than reason.

Step 4: Implications of Mimesis in Literature

• Literary Criticism: Plato's ideas have influenced how literature is critiqued, emphasizing the importance of truth and the role of the artist.
• Real-World Applications: Understanding Plato's theory can help readers and critics assess the intent and impact of literary works, particularly in relation to their portrayal of reality.

Conclusion

Plato's Theory of Mimesis provides a critical lens through which to evaluate art and literature. By recognizing the implications of imitation, we can better understand the philosophical underpinnings of literary criticism. For further exploration, consider reading more about the impact of Plato's thoughts on contemporary theories of art and literature.