Python Full Course❤️ | Variables & Data Types | Lecture 1

Introduction

This tutorial is designed to guide you through the basics of Python programming, including installation, variables, data types, and more. It is based on the first lecture of a comprehensive Python course. By the end of this tutorial, you will have a solid foundation to start your journey in Python programming.

Step 1: Install Python on Your Computer

For Windows

1. Visit the official Python website at python.org.
2. Download the latest version of Python for Windows.
3. Run the installer and ensure to check the box that says "Add Python to PATH."
4. Follow the prompts to complete the installation.

For Mac

1. Go to python.org and download the latest version for Mac.
2. Open the .pkg file and follow the installation instructions.
3. Verify the installation by opening Terminal and typing python3 --version.

Step 2: Install Visual Studio Code

1. Download Visual Studio Code from the official website.
2. Run the installer and follow the setup instructions.
3. Once installed, open Visual Studio Code and install the Python extension from the marketplace.

Step 3: Write Your First Python Program

1. Open Visual Studio Code.
2. Create a new file with a .py extension (e.g., hello.py).
3. Type the following code:

   print("Hello, World!")
   

4. Save the file and run the program by opening a terminal and typing:

   python hello.py
   

Step 4: Understand Python Character Set

• Python uses a specific character set for its syntax, including letters (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9), and special characters like underscores (_).
• Ensure your code only uses characters from this set to avoid syntax errors.

Step 5: Learn About Variables

• Variables are used to store data values.
• Create a variable using the following syntax:

  variable_name = value
  

• Example:

  age = 25
  name = "Alice"
  

Step 6: Follow Rules for Identifiers

• Identifiers are names given to variables, functions, and classes.
• Rules:
  • Must start with a letter or an underscore.
  • Can contain letters, digits, and underscores.
  • Cannot use Python keywords (reserved words).

Step 7: Explore Data Types

• Common data types in Python include:
  • Integers: Whole numbers (e.g., 10)
  • Floats: Decimal numbers (e.g., 10.5)
  • Strings: Text (e.g., "Hello")
  • Booleans: True or False values (e.g., True, False)

Step 8: Use Keywords in Python

• Keywords are reserved words that have special meanings in Python.
• Examples include if, else, for, while, def, etc. Avoid using them as identifiers.

Step 9: Print Sum Example

• To print the sum of two numbers, use:

  a = 5
  b = 10
  print(a + b)
  

Step 10: Add Comments in Python

• Use the # symbol to add comments to your code. Comments are ignored by the interpreter and are useful for explaining code.

  # This is a comment
  print("Hello, World!")  # This prints a message
  

Step 11: Understand Operators

• Operators in Python are used to perform operations on variables and values.
  • Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /
  • Comparison operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=

Step 12: Practice Type Conversion

• You can convert one data type into another using functions like int(), float(), and str().

  num_str = "10"
  num_int = int(num_str)  # Converts string to integer
  

Step 13: Get User Inputs

• Use the input() function to get user input.

  name = input("Enter your name: ")
  print("Hello, " + name)
  

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you have learned how to install Python, set up your environment, write your first program, and understand fundamental concepts like variables, data types, and operators. Continue practicing these concepts, and you'll build a strong foundation for more advanced Python programming. For more resources, you can check the provided notes and explore further tutorials. Happy coding!