Fisika SMP - Besaran dan Satuan (1) - Konversi Satuan, Besaran Pokok, Besaran Turunan

Introduction

This tutorial covers the fundamental concepts of physics related to units and quantities as outlined in the video "Fisika SMP - Besaran dan Satuan (1) - Konversi Satuan, Besaran Pokok, Besaran Turunan." We will explore the definitions of physical quantities, types of quantities, and how to convert units effectively. This knowledge is essential for students studying physics in middle school within the Kurikulum Merdeka framework.

Step 1: Understanding Physical Quantities and Units

• Definition of Physical Quantity: A physical quantity refers to a property that can be measured and expressed numerically (e.g., length, mass, time).
• Types of Physical Quantities:
  • Fundamental Quantities: These are basic quantities that cannot be derived from other quantities. Examples include:
    • Length (meter)
    • Mass (kilogram)
    • Time (second)
  • Derived Quantities: These are quantities derived from fundamental quantities through mathematical relationships. Examples include:
    • Area (length²)
    • Volume (length³)
    • Speed (length/time)

Step 2: Understanding Unit Prefixes and Simple Unit Conversion

• Unit Prefixes: These are symbols added to the base unit to indicate multiples or fractions of the unit. Common prefixes include:
  • Kilo- (k) = 10³
  • Centi- (c) = 10⁻²
  • Milli- (m) = 10⁻³
• Simple Unit Conversion Steps:
  1. Identify the unit you are converting from and the unit you are converting to.
  2. Use the appropriate conversion factor based on the unit prefixes.
  3. Multiply or divide the quantity by the conversion factor.

Example of Simple Conversion

• Convert 5 kilometers to meters:
  • Conversion factor: 1 km = 1000 m
  • Calculation:
    • 5 km × 1000 m/km = 5000 m

Step 3: Converting Units in Fractional Form

• Understanding Fractional Units: Sometimes, units can be expressed in fractions, which complicates conversion.
• Steps for Converting Fractional Units:
  1. Express the fractional unit as a division of two quantities.
  2. Convert the numerator and denominator separately using the appropriate conversion factors.
  3. Simplify the resulting fraction.

Example of Fractional Conversion

• Convert 1.5 meters per second to centimeters per second:
  • Conversion factors: 1 m = 100 cm
  • Calculation:
    • 1.5 m/s = (1.5 m × 100 cm/m) / (1 s) = 150 cm/s

Conclusion

In this guide, we've covered the essential concepts of physical quantities and units, including how to perform simple and fractional unit conversions. Understanding these fundamentals is crucial for solving physics problems effectively. As a next step, practice converting different units and explore more complex derived quantities to deepen your understanding of physics.