Garis Wallace dan Weber - Persebaran Flora & Fauna di Indonesia | Dunia Biologi

Introduction

This tutorial explores the unique distribution of flora and fauna in Indonesia, highlighting the differences across various regions. Understanding these distributions is crucial for biodiversity studies and conservation efforts. We will discuss the significance of Wallace's and Weber's lines, which demarcate distinct ecological zones within the country.

Step 1: Understand the Concept of Wallace's Line

• Wallace's Line is an imaginary boundary that separates the ecozones of Asia and Australia.
• It runs between Borneo and Sulawesi, illustrating the stark differences in species on either side.
• Key characteristics:
  • To the west of Wallace's Line, species are more Asian in origin.
  • To the east, species are more Australian in origin.

Practical Tips

• When studying biodiversity, pay attention to how these lines affect species distribution.
• Use maps to visualize the locations of these lines and their ecological implications.

Step 2: Learn About Weber's Line

• Weber's Line is another important boundary that runs north of Wallace's Line.
• It further differentiates the flora and fauna in the region by accounting for additional ecological factors.
• Key characteristics:
  • It reflects the influence of elevation and ocean currents on species distribution.

Practical Tips

• Compare the species found north and south of Weber's Line to understand the impact of these ecological barriers.

Step 3: Explore the Three Major Regions of Indonesia

Indonesia can be divided into three distinct regions based on its flora and fauna:

1. Western Indonesia: Includes Sumatra and Java.
   • Characterized by tropical rainforests and a high diversity of species.
2. Central Indonesia: Includes Borneo and Sulawesi.
   • Has a mix of Asian and Australian species, reflecting its position between the two lines.
3. Eastern Indonesia: Includes the Maluku Islands and Papua.
   • Mainly features species that are more aligned with Australian fauna.

Practical Tips

• Research specific species found in each region to understand the ecological diversity.
• Consider visiting these areas to observe the differences firsthand.

Step 4: Recognize the Importance of Biodiversity

• Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem services, such as pollination, climate regulation, and natural resource supply.
• Protecting diverse species is crucial for maintaining ecological balance.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Overlooking the significance of local species and their roles in ecosystems.
• Ignoring the impact of human activities on these biodiversity hotspots.

Conclusion

Understanding the distribution of flora and fauna in Indonesia is essential for conservation efforts and ecological studies. Familiarizing yourself with Wallace's and Weber's lines helps to appreciate the intricate biodiversity in the region. As a next step, consider engaging in local conservation projects or furthering your studies in ecology to contribute to preserving Indonesia's unique natural heritage.