CARA MELAKUKAN PENGUKURAN POLIGON TERTUTUP

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to perform closed polygon measurements, which are essential in surveying and land measurement tasks. Understanding this method is crucial for civil engineering and geodesy applications. This guide will help you grasp the fundamental concepts and practical techniques to successfully conduct closed polygon measurements using tools like total stations and theodolites.

Step 1: Understanding Closed Polygons

• A closed polygon is a series of connected points (or stations) that form a loop, returning to the starting point.
• The purpose of measuring a closed polygon is to determine the accuracy of the survey and correct any errors in measurement.

Key Points

• Ensure that you understand basic surveying terms such as "stations," "angles," and "distances."
• Be familiar with the equipment used, such as a total station or theodolite.

Step 2: Setting Up Your Equipment

• Select Your Total Station or Theodolite

  • Ensure the equipment is calibrated and in good working condition.

• Establish Control Points

  • Identify and mark the control points that will serve as the stations of your polygon.

Practical Advice

• Use a leveling instrument to ensure your total station is perfectly horizontal.
• Double-check your control points for visibility and accessibility.

Step 3: Conducting Measurements

1. Measure Angles

   • Begin at your first control point.
   • Use the total station to measure the angles to the adjacent points.

2. Measure Distances

   • Measure the distance from your current point to the next point.
   • Record all measurements accurately.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Failing to zero the instrument before taking measurements can lead to errors.
• Not recording data immediately can result in loss of accuracy.

Step 4: Data Processing and Correction

• Input Data into Software

  • Transfer your measurements into Excel or specialized surveying software for processing.

• Calculate the Sum of Angles

  • For a closed polygon, the sum of interior angles should equal (n-2) * 180 degrees, where n is the number of sides.

Example Calculation

Sum of angles = (Number of sides - 2) * 180

Step 5: Checking and Adjusting Measurements

• Error Analysis

  • Check for discrepancies in your data. If the sum of angles doesn’t match the expected value, adjustments are necessary.

• Adjust Angles and Distances

  • Apply correction factors to ensure your polygon closes accurately.

Step 6: Finalizing the Survey

• Create a Report

  • Document your findings, including measurements, calculations, and any adjustments made.

• Export Data

  • If needed, export the coordinates to CAD software for further use in design or planning.

Conclusion

Closed polygon measurement is a vital skill in surveying that ensures accuracy and reliability in land measurements. By following this step-by-step guide, you should be able to perform closed polygon measurements effectively. Practice these techniques regularly and consider exploring more advanced topics such as data processing and analysis to enhance your surveying skills.