真言立川流と髑髏本尊

Introduction

This tutorial explores the concepts surrounding the Shingon Tachikawa school and its connection to the practices involving skull deities. We will delve into historical context, key beliefs, and practices associated with this mystical tradition, highlighting its relevance in Japanese spirituality and folklore.

Step 1: Understanding Tachikawa School

• The Tachikawa school is a branch of Shingon Buddhism that emphasizes secret rituals and teachings passed down through lineage.
• Key practices include various initiations (kanjō) that traditionally occur between a master and disciple.
• Recognize that many practitioners, such as ascetics and shamans, have adapted these teachings in popular practices.

Step 2: The Symbolism of Fox Spirits

• Fox spirits are integral to the Tachikawa belief system, often associated with sacred sites like ancient burial mounds (kofun).
• These beings are believed to inhabit spaces where small animals can be found, linking them to nature and the spirits of deceased ancestors.
• Understand that locations associated with Inari shrines often have historical connections to these fox spirits.

Step 3: Historical Development of Inari Shrines

• Fushimi Inari Taisha is a prominent shrine that evolved from ancient burial practices and Shingon traditions.
• Initially associated with various deities, these shrines have undergone significant changes post-Meiji Restoration, leading to the separation of Shinto and Buddhism.
• Explore how the historical context influenced the perception and worship of fox spirits and deities such as Uka-no-Mitama.

Step 4: The Connection to Dakini

• Dakini, originally a Hindu goddess, was integrated into Buddhist practices and is linked to the idea of consuming human flesh and bones.
• The concept of Dakini in the Tachikawa school highlights the transformation of ancient beliefs into new Buddhist practices.
• This blending of traditions illustrates the adaptability of spiritual beliefs in Japanese history.

Step 5: Rituals and Practices Involving Skulls

• The practice of creating a skull deity (dokuro honzon) is an essential aspect of Tachikawa rituals.
• Understand the different types of skulls used in these rituals:
  • Great Head Skull: Crafted without altering the natural form, adorned with a smooth finish.
  • Small Head Skull: A more refined version used in specific rituals.
  • Moon Wheel Skull: A unique representation often used in esoteric practices.

Creating a Skull Deity

1. Select a skull from one of the ten categories outlined in historical texts.
2. Prepare the skull with appropriate rituals, ensuring it is treated with reverence.
3. Use a special mixture (known as “red and white essence”) during rituals to enhance the deity’s power.
4. Establish the skull on an altar with offerings and perform daily rituals to invoke its presence.

Step 6: Ritual Maintenance and Offerings

• Rituals should be conducted regularly, typically for seven years, to ensure the deity's spirit is cultivated.
• Prepare offerings that include various foods and incense, particularly on auspicious days.
• Maintain a sacred space free from disturbances, allowing for a conducive environment for spiritual activities.

Conclusion

The Tachikawa school represents a unique blend of Shingon Buddhism, folklore, and ancient practices. By understanding its historical roots and key practices, one can appreciate the depth of Japanese spirituality. For further exploration, consider reading relevant literature on Tachikawa and engaging with community practices to deepen your understanding.