How to cut a MORTICE AND TENON JOINT by HAND

2 min read 8 months ago
Published on Apr 21, 2024 This response is partially generated with the help of AI. It may contain inaccuracies.

Table of Contents

Step-by-Step Guide to Cutting a Mortise and Tenon Joint by Hand

Tools Needed:

  1. Mortise gauge
  2. Marking gauge
  3. Marking knife
  4. Mortise chisel
  5. Mallet
  6. Wide chisel
  7. Bevel square
  8. Rip tenon saw
  9. Crosscut saw (optional)
  10. Router plane or shoulder plane (optional)

Step 1: Marking and Preparing the Components

  1. Identify the face sides and face edges of the components. The face side determines the flush side when assembled.
  2. Use a marking gauge to mark the shoulder line on the components.
  3. Measure and mark the tenon size based on the mortise width.
  4. Mark the haunch on the tenon for added strength and security.

Step 2: Cutting the Mortise

  1. Use the mortise gauge to mark the mortise width and position.
  2. Square the lines using a marking knife for accuracy.
  3. Use a mortise chisel to chop out the waste between the lines.
  4. Square the mortise corners and clean up the bottom.

Step 3: Cutting the Tenon

  1. Use a tenon saw to cut the cheeks of the tenon, staying close to the lines.
  2. Use a chisel or shoulder plane to clean up the cheeks and ensure a snug fit in the mortise.
  3. Check the fit and make any necessary adjustments to ensure a perfect fit.

Step 4: Final Assembly

  1. Test fit the tenon into the mortise, ensuring it bottoms out properly.
  2. Make any final adjustments to the tenon or mortise for a tight fit.
  3. Add chamfers to the tenon for easier insertion.
  4. Once satisfied with the fit, the joint is ready for gluing for a rock-solid connection.

Tips:

  • Ensure components are marked accurately for proper alignment.
  • Take your time to make precise cuts and adjustments for a perfect fit.
  • Check the fit multiple times during the process to avoid errors.
  • Use caution when cutting to avoid damaging the components.

By following these steps and tips, you can successfully cut a mortise and tenon joint entirely by hand, creating a strong and durable connection for your woodworking projects.