Pengenalan Aplikasi Scratch Part 1

Introduction

This tutorial introduces you to Scratch, a visual programming language designed for beginners, particularly children, to create interactive stories, games, and animations. Scratch helps develop problem-solving skills and creativity through coding. By the end of this guide, you will have a basic understanding of the Scratch interface and how to start your first project.

Step 1: Setting Up Scratch

• Go to the Scratch website at scratch.mit.edu.
• Click on "Join" to create an account or "Try it out" to start without an account.
• Familiarize yourself with the main interface, which includes:
  • The Stage where your project runs.
  • The Sprite List where you can see and select characters or objects.
  • The Blocks Palette which contains different coding blocks.
  • The Scripting Area where you will drag and drop blocks to create scripts.

Step 2: Understanding Sprites

• Sprites are the characters or objects you will use in your projects.
• You can:
  • Choose from the Scratch library of sprites.
  • Upload your own images.
  • Create new sprites using the built-in editor.
• Experiment with selecting different sprites and viewing how they appear on the Stage.

Step 3: Using Code Blocks

• Scratch uses blocks of code categorized into different types:
  • Motion blocks (e.g., move, turn) to control sprite movement.
  • Looks blocks to change how sprites appear (e.g., say something, change color).
  • Sound blocks for adding audio to your project.
  • Control blocks to manage the flow of your scripts (e.g., loops, conditions).
• Drag and drop blocks from the Blocks Palette into the Scripting Area to create a script.

Step 4: Creating Your First Script

• Start by selecting a sprite.
• Drag a when green flag clicked block from Control to the Scripting Area.
• Add a move 10 steps block from Motion directly below it.
• Click the green flag at the top of the Stage to test your script.
• Observe how the sprite moves when you click the flag.

Step 5: Adding More Features

• Enhance your project by adding more code blocks:
  • Use repeat blocks to make the sprite move multiple times.
  • Incorporate sound by adding a play sound block.
• Experiment with different combinations of blocks to see how they affect your sprite's behavior.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have learned the basics of Scratch, including setting up your account, understanding sprites, and creating simple scripts. Start experimenting with different blocks to create fun and engaging projects. As you become more comfortable, explore advanced features like broadcasting messages and using variables to further enhance your coding skills. Happy coding!