PENGENALAN SISTEM BILANGAN - Kelas Pak Fikri Sistem Komputer Kelas X SMKN 1 BINANGUN

Introduction

This tutorial introduces the number systems used in computing, particularly focusing on binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal systems. Understanding these systems is essential for anyone studying computer science or working with computers, as they form the foundation for how data is represented and processed.

Step 1: Understand the Binary System

• The binary system is the fundamental number system for computers, using only two states: 0 and 1.
• Each digit in a binary number is called a bit.
• Practical use: All data in a computer, including text, images, and sound, is ultimately represented in binary.

Key Concept

• Bits and Bytes:
  • 8 bits make up 1 byte.
  • A byte can represent 256 different values (from 0 to 255).

Step 2: Explore the Decimal System

• The decimal system is base-10 and uses digits from 0 to 9.
• Everyday counting and arithmetic are performed in decimal.
• Practical use in computing: Decimal numbering is often used to represent IP addresses in computer networks.

Example

• An IP address is structured as four decimal numbers separated by periods (e.g., 192.168.1.1).

Step 3: Learn About the Octal System

• The octal system is base-8, using digits from 0 to 7.
• It is less common in modern computing but was used in some programming languages and systems.
• Practical use: Octal can sometimes be seen in Unix file permissions.

Example

• The octal number 755 represents specific read/write/execute permissions for files in Unix systems.

Step 4: Discover the Hexadecimal System

• The hexadecimal system is base-16, using digits from 0 to 9 and letters A to F.
• It is used in programming and computer science to simplify binary representation.
• Practical use: Hexadecimal is commonly encountered in MAC addresses, color codes in web design, and memory addresses.

Example

• A MAC address may look like this: 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E, where each pair represents a hexadecimal number.

Conclusion

Understanding these number systems is crucial for anyone involved in computer science or IT. The binary system is the core of computer operations, while decimal, octal, and hexadecimal systems provide different applications and representations for data. As a next step, consider practicing converting between these number systems to strengthen your understanding.