Sejarah dekrit presiden 5 juli 1959

Introduction

This tutorial explores the historical significance of the Presidential Decree issued on July 5, 1959, in Indonesia. This event marked a pivotal moment in the nation’s history as it reinstated the 1945 Constitution as the country’s governing document. Understanding this decree is essential for grasping the political landscape of Indonesia during that era.

Step 1: Understand the Context of the Decree

• Historical Background: Familiarize yourself with the political situation in Indonesia post-independence. After gaining independence in 1945, Indonesia initially adopted a parliamentary system, which faced numerous challenges.
• Need for Stability: By the late 1950s, the parliamentary system was deemed ineffective, leading to political instability and a lack of governance.

Step 2: Learn About the Presidential Decree

• What is the Presidential Decree?: On July 5, 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree that dissolved the existing parliamentary system and reinstated the 1945 Constitution as the legal framework for the country.

Key Changes Implemented

• Dissolution of the existing parliament.
• Reinstatement of the 1945 Constitution, which centralized power in the presidency.
• Establishment of a new political order that emphasized national unity.

Step 3: Analyze the Impact of the Decree

• Political Ramifications: The decree led to the establishment of a more authoritarian regime under Sukarno, which aimed to combat the rising threat of disunity and regionalism.
• Long-term Consequences: This shift set the stage for Sukarno's "Guided Democracy," affecting Indonesia's political landscape for years to come.

Step 4: Explore the Reactions to the Decree

• Public Response: Understand the mixed reactions from various political factions and the general public, ranging from support for stability to criticism for authoritarianism.
• International Perspective: Acknowledge how foreign governments and organizations viewed this shift in governance, including concerns over democracy and human rights.

Step 5: Connect to Modern Indonesia

• Legacy of the Decree: Reflect on how the Presidential Decree of 1959 influenced subsequent political developments in Indonesia, including the transition to the New Order under Suharto.
• Current Relevance: Discuss how this historical event continues to shape discussions about governance, democracy, and political rights in Indonesia today.

Conclusion

The Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959, was a critical turning point in Indonesian history, reinstating the 1945 Constitution and establishing a new political order. Understanding its context, impact, and legacy is essential for grasping the complexities of Indonesia's political journey. As you explore this topic further, consider how historical events continue to influence contemporary governance and society in Indonesia.