[Estetika-11]: "IMPRESIONISM" - Bambang I. Sugiharto

Introduction

This tutorial delves into the key concepts of Impressionism as discussed in the lecture by Prof. Dr. Ignatius Bambang Sugiharto. It aims to provide a structured understanding of Impressionism, its characteristics, and its significance in the realm of aesthetics and art. Whether you are a student of art or simply interested in learning more about this movement, this guide will help you grasp the essentials of Impressionism.

Step 1: Understand the Historical Context of Impressionism

• Origins: Impressionism originated in the late 19th century in France, primarily as a reaction against the formalism of academic painting.
• Key Figures: Familiarize yourself with pivotal artists such as Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, who were instrumental in shaping this movement.
• Cultural Impact: Recognize how Impressionism reflected societal changes, including industrialization and the rise of the middle class.

Step 2: Identify the Characteristics of Impressionism

• Brushwork: Notice the loose and rapid brush strokes that create a sense of movement and spontaneity.
• Light and Color: Understand how Impressionists focused on depicting natural light and its effects on color and atmosphere.
• Subject Matter: Recognize everyday scenes, landscapes, and candid moments as common subjects in Impressionist works.

Step 3: Explore Key Techniques Used in Impressionist Painting

• En Plein Air: Study how artists painted outdoors to capture the essence of light and atmosphere.
• Color Theory: Learn about the use of complementary colors to enhance vibrancy and the emotional impact of artworks.
• Composition: Examine the unconventional compositions that often left out traditional perspectives and focused on the overall impression of a scene.

Step 4: Analyze Notable Impressionist Works

• Monet's Water Lilies: Reflect on how Monet’s series captures the changing light and surface of water.
• Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party: Consider the depiction of social interaction and the celebration of leisure.
• Degas' Ballet Dancers: Observe how Degas portrayed movement and the human figure in dynamic poses.

Step 5: Recognize the Legacy of Impressionism

• Influence on Modern Art: Understand how Impressionism paved the way for various modern art movements, including Post-Impressionism and Abstract Expressionism.
• Cultural Significance: Acknowledge how Impressionism changed the way art is perceived and appreciated, moving towards personal expression rather than strict realism.

Conclusion

Impressionism is a significant art movement that revolutionized the way artists approach painting. By understanding its historical context, characteristics, techniques, notable works, and legacy, you can appreciate not only the beauty of Impressionist art but also its lasting impact on the art world. As a next step, consider visiting an art museum to view Impressionist works in person or experimenting with Impressionist techniques in your own painting.