Grade 9 Citizenship Unit 3: 3.3 Constitutional Experience of Ethiopia

Introduction

This tutorial outlines the constitutional experience of Ethiopia as covered in the Grade 9 Citizenship curriculum. It provides an overview of significant constitutional documents and their historical contexts, helping students understand the evolution of governance in Ethiopia.

Step 1: Understand the Historical Context

• Fetha Negest: Explore the medieval Ethiopian legal code that influenced governance and societal norms. Understand its significance in establishing a foundation for future legal frameworks.
• Kibre Negest: Familiarize yourself with this historical account of the Ethiopian kings, which highlights the role of monarchy in shaping the state.

Step 2: Review Key Constitutions of Ethiopia

• 1931 Constitution:

  • Acknowledge its importance as the first written constitution in Ethiopia.
  • Note its attempts to modernize the government and limit the powers of the monarchy.

• Revised Constitution of 1955:

  • Understand how this constitution expanded civil rights and introduced a parliamentary system.
  • Identify its role in addressing ethnic diversity and regional autonomy.

• 1987 Constitution:

  • Recognize the shift towards a socialist state under the Derg regime.
  • Examine how it aimed to centralize power and control over various aspects of governance.

• 1991 Transitional Charter:

  • Learn about the establishment of a transitional government post-Derg.
  • Highlight the focus on democratic principles and human rights.

• 1995 FDRE Constitution:

  • Identify this constitution as a pivotal document that established the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.
  • Discuss its recognition of ethnic groups and promotion of self-determination.

Step 3: Analyze the Impact of Each Constitution

• Evaluate the social, economic, and political implications of each constitutional document.
• Recognize how changes in governance reflect the historical struggles and aspirations of the Ethiopian people.
• Discuss the challenges faced in implementing these constitutions and the continuing evolution of Ethiopian law.

Conclusion

Understanding the constitutional experience of Ethiopia is crucial for grasping the complexities of its governance and societal structure. By studying essential documents like the 1931 Constitution and the 1995 FDRE Constitution, students can appreciate the historical context and ongoing developments in Ethiopian citizenship and rights. Next steps could include engaging with current events in Ethiopia to observe the practical implications of these constitutional frameworks.