NALAR Ep. 01. KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK (1/2)

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of public policy, focusing on its definition, formulation, and impact on citizens and government. By understanding public policy, individuals can better engage with governmental actions and advocate for their needs.

Step 1: Understand the Definition of Public Policy

Public policy encompasses a range of actions and decisions made by the government to address public issues. Here are some key definitions to consider:

• Public policy is about "the public and their problems" (Dewey, 1927).
• It includes "anything a government chooses to do or not to do" (Dye, 1972).
• It can be viewed as a series of deliberate actions aimed at solving problems (Anderson, 1979; Lemay, 2002).
• Public policy can also be described as a process by which the government addresses public problems (Lester and Stewart, 1996).

Understanding these definitions will help you grasp the breadth of public policy and its implications.

Step 2: Explore the Scope of Public Policy

Public policy is not just about laws but also includes various aspects that affect day-to-day life. Consider the following elements:

• Decision Making: Policies are decisions made by individuals or groups aiming to address specific issues (Friedrich, 2007).
• Government Actions: They can manifest as acts or omissions by the government to achieve societal goals (Sharkansky, 1978).
• Impact on Citizens: Reflect on how various policies affect you and your community, shaping daily experiences and opportunities.

Being aware of these aspects can enhance your understanding of how policies are formulated and their societal implications.

Step 3: Learn About the Policy-Making Process

The creation of public policy involves several theoretical frameworks and processes. Familiarize yourself with key theories and models:

• Laswell's Model (1950): Focuses on the importance of knowledge in policymaking.
• Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework (1984): Explains how problems, policies, and politics converge at certain times to create opportunities for change.
• Incrementalism (Lindblom, 1959): Suggests that policy changes are often small and gradual rather than radical.

Understanding these frameworks can provide insight into how policies evolve over time and the factors that influence their development.

Step 4: Engage with Public Policy Discussions

Being an informed citizen means participating in discussions about public policy. Consider these practical tips:

• Stay Informed: Follow news sources or podcasts, like the one from NALAR Institute, that discuss public policy issues.
• Share Your Opinions: Engage in conversations, whether in person or online, about policies that matter to you.
• Provide Feedback: Many governments seek input on policy proposals; make your voice heard through comments or surveys.

Your engagement can contribute to shaping effective public policies that reflect community needs.

Conclusion

Understanding public policy is crucial for active citizenship and community involvement. By learning its definitions, scope, formulation processes, and engaging in discussions, you empower yourself to influence the policies that affect your life. Consider exploring further resources, such as podcasts or articles, to deepen your understanding and stay informed on current policy issues.