BAB 3 PENELITIAN GEOGRAFI | X SMA / MA | KURIKULUM MERDEKA

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of conducting geographical research for high school students, based on the video "BAB 3 PENELITIAN GEOGRAFI" from ERS CHANNEL. The purpose is to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary for effective geographical study, in line with the Kurikulum Merdeka framework. This guide is relevant for students looking to enhance their understanding of geography and improve their research methodologies.

Step 1: Understanding Geographic Research

• Geographic research involves studying spatial relationships and patterns in various contexts.
• It is essential to define the research question clearly. A well-defined question guides the entire research process.

Consider the following elements when formulating your question

• Scope of the study
• Geographic area of focus
• Specific phenomena to be investigated

Step 2: Selecting Research Methods

Choose appropriate research methods based on your question. Common methods include

• Qualitative Methods: Interviews, observations, and case studies.
• Quantitative Methods: Surveys, statistical analysis, and GIS (Geographic Information Systems).
• Ensure your selected methods align with your research objectives for accurate and reliable results.

Step 3: Data Collection Techniques

Gather data through various means

• Primary Data: Collect firsthand information through surveys or fieldwork.
• Secondary Data: Utilize existing resources such as academic journals, government publications, and online databases.
• Always evaluate the reliability and validity of your data sources.

Step 4: Analyzing Data

After collecting data, analyze it to draw meaningful conclusions

• Organize your data using tables or graphs for clarity.
• Apply statistical methods if using quantitative data to identify trends or correlations.
• Use thematic analysis for qualitative data to uncover patterns in responses.

Step 5: Presenting Findings

Present your research findings clearly and logically

• Use visuals like maps, charts, and graphs to enhance understanding.
• Structure your report with an introduction, methodology, results, and conclusion.
• Ensure to cite all sources correctly to maintain academic integrity.

Conclusion

Conducting geographic research requires careful planning and execution. By following these steps—understanding research fundamentals, selecting appropriate methods, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting findings—you can effectively carry out geographical studies. As a next step, consider choosing a specific geographic topic that interests you and start formulating your research question.