SIKLUS PEREDARAN DARAH MANUSIA

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the human circulatory system, focusing on how blood circulates within the body. Understanding the closed and double nature of the human circulatory system is crucial for grasping how oxygen and nutrients are distributed throughout the body.

Step 1: Understand the Closed Circulatory System

• The human circulatory system is classified as closed, meaning that blood always circulates within blood vessels.
• This system allows for efficient transport of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
• Key takeaway: Blood does not leave the vessels, ensuring controlled flow and pressure.

Step 2: Learn About the Double Circulatory System

• The system is also described as double because blood passes through the heart twice in each complete circuit.
• Each cycle involves different pathways for oxygenation and distribution throughout the body.

Step 3: Explore the Small Circulation

• Small circulation, or pulmonary circulation, begins in the right ventricle of the heart.
• Follow these steps:
  1. Blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries.
  2. The blood travels to the lungs for gas exchange (carbon dioxide is released, and oxygen is absorbed).
  3. Oxygenated blood returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
• Key takeaway: This cycle is essential for replenishing oxygen in the blood.

Step 4: Examine the Large Circulation

• Large circulation, or systemic circulation, starts in the left ventricle of the heart.
• Follow these steps:
  1. Blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta.
  2. The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to the rest of the body (excluding the lungs).
  3. Blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs.
  4. Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium via the vena cava.
• Key takeaway: This cycle ensures that all body tissues receive necessary oxygen and nutrients.

Conclusion

In summary, the human circulatory system is a complex network that ensures the efficient transport of blood through two distinct circuits: small circulation for oxygenation in the lungs and large circulation for nutrient distribution throughout the body. Understanding these processes is fundamental to the study of human biology. For further exploration, consider reviewing diagrams of the circulatory system or conducting practical exercises related to circulation.