How Capitalism Conquered the World

Introduction

This tutorial explores the historical development of capitalism as outlined in the video "How Capitalism Conquered the World" by Then & Now. It breaks down the key concepts, phases, and influences that shaped capitalism, providing a comprehensive understanding of its evolution over time. Whether you're a student of economics, history, or simply curious about the subject, this guide will help you grasp the intricacies of capitalism's rise.

Step 1: Understand the Feudal Order

• Recognize the structure of feudalism as the precursor to capitalism.
• Note the social hierarchy, where land ownership dictated power and wealth.
• Understand how this system limited trade and economic mobility.

Step 2: Explore the New Worlds

• Examine the Age of Exploration and its impact on trade.
• Identify how new territories opened up markets and resources.
• Consider the role of colonialism in shaping economic relationships.

Step 3: Analyze First and False Starts

• Investigate early attempts at creating capitalist economies.
• Acknowledge the challenges faced, such as lack of infrastructure and resources.
• Learn about the gradual shift from agrarian economies to more market-oriented systems.

Step 4: Discover the Industrial Revolution

• Study the technological advancements that propelled capitalism.
• Understand the shift from manual labor to industrial production and its implications.
• Recognize the rise of factory systems and urbanization.

Step 5: Examine the Shape of the Capitalist Machine

• Explore the structure of capitalist economies, including private ownership and profit motives.
• Identify key features, such as competition, supply and demand, and capital accumulation.
• Discuss the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship in driving growth.

Step 6: Investigate Why England

• Analyze why England became the epicenter of early capitalism.
• Consider factors such as geographic advantage, political stability, and access to resources.
• Reflect on the role of the British Empire in spreading capitalism globally.

Step 7: Delve into the Age of Capital

• Review England's supremacy in the capitalist world during the 19th century.
• Understand the social and economic transformations that occurred in this period.
• Discuss the implications of wealth concentration and class divisions.

Step 8: Understand the Iron Boot and the Dispossessed

• Examine the darker side of capitalism, including exploitation and inequality.
• Recognize the struggles of the working class and the rise of labor movements.
• Discuss the social ramifications of unchecked capitalism.

Step 9: Explore Globalization

• Learn about the expansion of capitalism beyond national borders.
• Understand the impact of globalization on economies and cultures worldwide.
• Consider both the opportunities and challenges presented by a globalized economy.

Step 10: Study Capitalism's Empires

• Discuss how capitalism led to the formation of economic empires.
• Analyze the relationship between capitalist expansion and imperialism.
• Recognize the consequences for colonized nations and indigenous populations.

Step 11: Follow the American Rise

• Investigate the emergence of the United States as a capitalist leader.
• Identify key events and policies that fostered economic growth.
• Understand the influence of American capitalism on global markets.

Step 12: Examine Crashes and the Build-Up to the Apocalypse

• Study the cyclical nature of capitalist economies, including booms and busts.
• Analyze the causes and effects of major economic crashes.
• Discuss the potential for systemic crises within capitalist frameworks.

Step 13: Reflect on the Apocalypse: World War

• Understand the impact of World Wars on global capitalism.
• Discuss how war economies transform production and labor dynamics.
• Reflect on the aftermath and reconstruction efforts in the post-war world.

Step 14: Draw Conclusions

• Summarize the evolution and impact of capitalism throughout history.
• Reflect on the lessons learned and how they apply to today's economic landscape.
• Consider the future of capitalism in light of contemporary challenges.

Conclusion

This tutorial provides a structured understanding of capitalism's historical trajectory, highlighting its complexities and transformations. By following these steps, you can deepen your knowledge of economic systems and their societal impacts. Consider further exploring each chapter's themes for a more comprehensive understanding of capitalism's role in shaping the world.