19. TEST DE LASÈGUE

Introduction

This tutorial covers the Lasègue Test, an important assessment tool in physiotherapy used to evaluate lower back pain and sciatica. Understanding how to perform this test is crucial for physiotherapists to diagnose and develop treatment plans for patients with nerve root irritation or herniated discs.

Step 1: Understand the Purpose of the Lasègue Test

• The Lasègue Test, also known as the straight leg raise test, assesses the integrity of the sciatic nerve and lumbar nerve roots.
• It helps determine if a patient’s pain is related to nerve root compression or irritation.
• Familiarize yourself with common conditions that might warrant this test, such as herniated discs and sciatica.

Step 2: Prepare for the Test

• Ensure the patient is in a comfortable setting.
• Explain the procedure to the patient to gain their cooperation and reduce anxiety.
• Have the patient lie flat on their back on an examination table.

Step 3: Position the Patient

• Ask the patient to keep their legs straight and relaxed.
• Position yourself at the side of the table where you will perform the test.

Step 4: Perform the Lasègue Test

1. Raise the Leg:

   • Gently lift the patient's affected leg while keeping the knee straight.
   • Raise the leg to an angle of about 30 to 70 degrees.

2. Observe for Pain:

   • Ask the patient to report any pain felt during the leg raise.
   • Positive test results typically occur if pain radiates down the leg, indicating possible nerve root involvement.

3. Assess the Range of Motion:

   • Note the angle at which pain occurs and any limitations in movement.
   • Compare the affected leg to the unaffected leg for any differences in range of motion.

Step 5: Interpret the Results

• Positive Result: Pain radiating below the knee suggests possible nerve root irritation or herniation.
• Negative Result: No pain or pain localized to the back indicates other potential causes of discomfort.

Step 6: Document Findings

• Record the patient’s responses, angles of leg elevation, and any observed symptoms.
• Use this documentation for further assessment and treatment planning.

Conclusion

The Lasègue Test is a vital tool in the assessment of lower back pain and sciatica. By understanding its purpose, proper execution, and interpretation, physiotherapists can effectively diagnose and tailor treatment for their patients. As a next step, consider practicing the test with colleagues or under supervision to enhance your proficiency and confidence in its application.