Anatomi Dasar : Clavicula

Introduction

This tutorial provides a detailed overview of the anatomy of the clavicle, commonly known as the collarbone. Understanding the structure and function of the clavicle is essential for students in medicine, physiotherapy, and related fields. This guide will help you learn about the clavicle's anatomy, its articulations, and its clinical significance.

Step 1: Understand the Structure of the Clavicle

• The clavicle is a long, S-shaped bone located between the sternum and the scapula.
• It consists of two main parts:
  • Medial (sternal) end: Connects to the sternum.
  • Lateral (acromial) end: Connects to the acromion of the scapula.
• Key features to note:
  • The superior surface is smooth and rounded.
  • The inferior surface has ridges for muscle attachment.

Step 2: Learn the Functions of the Clavicle

• Provides structural support for the shoulder.
• Acts as a strut that holds the scapula in place, allowing for a greater range of arm motion.
• Protects underlying neurovascular structures, such as the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels.

Step 3: Explore the Articulations of the Clavicle

• The clavicle has two main joints:
  • Sternoclavicular Joint (SC Joint):
    • Connects the clavicle to the sternum.
    • Allows limited movement, such as elevation and depression.
  • Acromioclavicular Joint (AC Joint):
    • Connects the clavicle to the acromion of the scapula.
    • Permits gliding movements, which are crucial for shoulder mobility.

Step 4: Recognize Common Pathologies Related to the Clavicle

• Fractures:
  • Common in sports and falls. Typically occur at the mid-shaft.
  • Symptoms include swelling, pain, and visible deformity.
• Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries:
  • Often caused by falls on an outstretched arm.
  • Symptoms include shoulder pain and limited range of motion.

Step 5: Study the Muscles and Ligaments Associated with the Clavicle

• Key muscles include:
  • Sternocleidomastoid: Helps in head rotation and flexion.
  • Trapezius: Supports shoulder elevation.
  • Pectoralis Major: Involved in shoulder adduction and flexion.
• Important ligaments include:
  • Costoclavicular Ligament: Stabilizes the SC joint.
  • Acromioclavicular Ligament: Supports the AC joint.

Conclusion

Understanding the clavicle's anatomy is crucial for diagnosing and treating shoulder injuries. The clavicle plays a vital role in shoulder stability and mobility. For further study, consider exploring related topics such as shoulder biomechanics or injuries related to other bones in the shoulder girdle.