Le Corbusier - Unité d'Habitation Marseille pt 2

Introduction

This tutorial explores Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation in Marseille, focusing on its architectural significance, design elements, and the living experience it offers. Understanding this iconic structure not only highlights Le Corbusier's influence on modern architecture but also provides insights into the principles of communal living and urban design.

Step 1: Understand the Architectural Context

• Historical Background: Familiarize yourself with the period of 1947-1952 when the Unité d'Habitation was constructed, post-World War II, a time of rebuilding and innovation in architecture.
• Brutalism Influence: Recognize that this building is often seen as a precursor to the Brutalist style, characterized by its use of raw concrete (béton brut) and functional design.

Step 2: Explore the Building's Structure

• Design Features:

  • 337 Apartments: The building comprises 337 units distributed over 12 stories, designed to maximize space and communal living.
  • Piloti System: The structure is elevated on large pilotis (supports), creating open ground space that enhances accessibility and community interaction.

• Interior Layout:

  • Corridors: Each third-floor corridor runs through the long axis of the building, allowing for efficient movement and connectivity among residents.
  • Two-Level Apartments: Each unit spans two levels with balconies, promoting a sense of openness and integration with the exterior.

Step 3: Examine Communal Spaces and Facilities

• Amenities:

  • Shops and Services: The building includes various commercial spaces that cater to residents' daily needs.
  • Sporting and Educational Facilities: Consider the inclusion of amenities such as sports areas, medical services, and educational resources, which foster a community-oriented lifestyle.

• Rooftop Design:

  • Communal Terrace: The flat roof serves as a communal area featuring a running track, paddling pool, and sculptural ventilation stacks, encouraging social interaction and recreation.

Step 4: Analyze the Living Experience

• Resident Demographics: The Unité is predominantly occupied by middle-class professionals, reflecting its design's success in addressing the needs of urban dwellers.
• Community Engagement: Note how the building's design encourages interaction among residents, contrasting with many other system-built blocks that lack such features.

Conclusion

Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation in Marseille stands as a significant example of modernist architecture, emphasizing community living and innovative design. By understanding its structure, amenities, and impact on residents, you gain insight into the principles of urban planning and the evolution of architectural styles. As a next step, consider exploring similar architectural works or visiting the Unité to experience its design firsthand.