2 0 AKM Pemerintahan Orde Lama oleh Ir Soekarno

Introduction

This tutorial provides a structured overview of the governance of Indonesia during the Old Order era under President Soekarno. Understanding this period is crucial for grasping Indonesia's historical development and its political landscape. We will break down key aspects of Soekarno's administration, highlighting important policies and their implications.

Step 1: Understanding Soekarno's Vision

• Soekarno aimed to establish a national identity and unity in Indonesia post-independence.
• He promoted the concept of "Nasakom," which combined nationalism, religion, and communism as a foundation for governance.
• This vision was intended to unite diverse ethnic groups and ideologies within Indonesia.

Step 2: Key Policies of the Old Order

• Guided Democracy: A political system introduced by Soekarno to enhance his control over the government.

  • Emphasized the need for a strong leadership and reduced political competition.
  • Enabled Soekarno to maintain power amid rising political tensions.

• Economic Policies: Focused on state control over the economy.

  • Nationalization of foreign-owned companies to boost national pride and economic independence.
  • Initiated large-scale infrastructure projects aimed at modernization.

Step 3: The Role of the Indonesian Military

• The military played a crucial role in supporting Soekarno's government.
• Military leaders were integrated into the political system, helping to maintain order and control.
• Tensions between the military and the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) began to rise, setting the stage for future conflicts.

Step 4: Social and Cultural Initiatives

• Soekarno emphasized cultural nationalism, promoting Indonesian arts and traditions as part of nation-building.
• He organized events and festivals that celebrated Indonesian heritage, fostering a sense of unity.

Step 5: Challenges Faced

• The Old Order faced significant challenges, including political instability and economic difficulties.
• Rising discontent among various groups led to increased opposition against Soekarno's government.
• Tensions culminated in the events of 1965, which drastically changed Indonesia's political landscape.

Conclusion

The governance of Indonesia during the Old Order under Soekarno was marked by a unique blend of nationalism, military influence, and social initiatives. Despite its ambitious vision, this period faced numerous challenges that eventually led to significant political changes. Understanding these dynamics provides valuable insights into Indonesia's history and the evolution of its political system. For further exploration, consider researching the implications of the 1965 events on contemporary Indonesia.