ניתוחי לב מסתמים - ד"ר ליאוניד סטרניק

Introduction

This tutorial provides an overview of heart valve surgeries, based on insights from Dr. Leonid Stranik. Heart valve surgeries are among the most common procedures in Israel, and recent advancements have significantly improved their effectiveness. This guide aims to summarize essential information about heart valves, their functions, and the surgical processes involved.

Step 1: Understanding Heart Valves

• Function of Heart Valves: Heart valves regulate blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. They ensure that blood moves in one direction, preventing backflow.

Types of Heart Valves

• Aortic Valve: Controls blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.
• Mitral Valve: Regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle.
• Tricuspid Valve: Manages blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.
• Pulmonary Valve: Controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.

Step 2: Indications for Surgery

Why Surgery is Needed

• Valve Stenosis: Narrowing of the valve opening, restricting blood flow.
• Valve Regurgitation: Leakage of blood backward through the valve.

Symptoms to Watch For

• Shortness of breath during activity or while lying down.
• Fatigue.
• Swelling in the legs, abdomen, or veins in the neck.

Step 3: Surgical Options Available

• Open-Heart Surgery: Traditional approach where the chest is opened to access the heart valves.
• Minimally Invasive Surgery: Techniques that require smaller incisions, resulting in shorter recovery times.

Valve Replacement vs. Repair

• Replacement: Damaged valves are replaced with mechanical or biological valves.
• Repair: The existing valve is surgically repaired to restore proper function.

Step 4: Innovations in Heart Valve Surgery

Recent Developments

• Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A less invasive procedure for patients who are at high risk for open-heart surgery.
• Improved imaging techniques for better surgical planning.

Step 5: Postoperative Care

Recovery Process

• Hospital Stay: Typically lasts a few days, depending on the procedure.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Essential for monitoring recovery and valve function.

Lifestyle Changes

• Heart-Healthy Diet: Emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
• Regular Exercise: Consult with a healthcare provider to develop a safe exercise plan.

Conclusion

Heart valve surgeries play a crucial role in treating various heart conditions. Understanding the types of valves, indications for surgery, and the available surgical options can empower patients and their families in making informed decisions. For those considering or recovering from valve surgery, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following medical advice is vital for achieving the best outcomes. For more detailed information, consider visiting the Medico health website or consulting with healthcare professionals specializing in cardiology.