Mengenal jenis perangkat keras komputer (hardware) dan fungsinya (2019) yang ada di dalam Casing

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of computer hardware components and their functions. Understanding these components is essential for anyone new to computers and is particularly useful for those interested in assembling or upgrading their PCs.

Step 1: Understanding the Computer Casing

• The computer casing, often referred to as the CPU (though technically it houses more than just the processor), is the enclosure that contains all internal components.
• Functions of the casing include:
  • Protecting internal hardware from dust and damage.
  • Providing structure and organization for components.
  • Facilitating airflow for cooling.

Step 2: Identifying Key Internal Components

1. Motherboard

   • The main circuit board that connects all hardware components.
   • Houses the CPU, RAM, and expansion slots.
   • Includes connectors for storage devices and peripheral devices.

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

   • The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and processing data.
   • Usually located on the motherboard and covered by a heatsink for cooling.

3. Random Access Memory (RAM)

   • Temporary memory that stores data and instructions that the CPU needs while performing tasks.
   • More RAM allows for better multitasking and improved performance.

4. Power Supply Unit (PSU)

   • Converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer’s components.
   • Supplies power to the motherboard, drives, and other peripherals.

5. Storage Drives

   • Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Traditional storage device that uses spinning disks to read/write data.
   • Solid State Drive (SSD): Faster storage device with no moving parts, providing quicker data access.

6. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

   • Handles rendering of images and video, particularly important for gaming and graphic design.
   • Can be integrated into the motherboard or installed as a separate card.

7. Cooling System

   • Includes fans and heat sinks to dissipate heat generated by components, ensuring optimal performance.
   • Essential for preventing overheating and hardware failure.

Step 3: Additional Peripherals

• Optical Drives

  • Used for reading and writing CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.

• Expansion Cards

  • Additional cards that can be installed on the motherboard for extra functionality (e.g., sound cards, network cards).

• Cables and Connectors

  • Various cables connect components, including SATA cables for drives and power cables from the PSU.

Tips for Beginners

• Familiarize yourself with component specifications before purchasing or upgrading.
• Ensure compatibility between components (e.g., motherboard and CPU socket type).
• Practice proper static discharge precautions when handling internal hardware to avoid damage.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we've covered the essential hardware components of a computer and their functions. Understanding these elements not only enhances your computer knowledge but also equips you with the skills needed for assembly and upgrades. For further learning, consider watching tutorials on specific component installations or upgrades.